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{{Short description|Quantum computing implementation}}
'''Superconducting quantum computing''' is a branch of [[Solid-state physics|solid state]] physics and quantum computing that implements [[superconductivity|superconducting]] [[electronic circuit]]s using superconducting qubits as artificial atoms, or [[quantum dot]]s. For superconducting qubits, the two logic states are the [[ground state]] and the [[excited state]], denoted <math>|g\rangle \text{ and } |e\rangle</math> respectively.<ref name="docs.pennylane.ai" /> Research in superconducting quantum computing is conducted by companies such as [[Google]],<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Castelvecchi |first1=Davide |title=Quantum computers ready to leap out of the lab in 2017 |journal=Nature |date=5 January 2017 |volume=541 |issue=7635 |pages=9–10 |doi=10.1038/541009a|pmid=28054624 |bibcode=2017Natur.541....9C |s2cid=4447373 |doi-access=free }}</ref> [[IBM]],<ref name="IBM">{{cite web |title=IBM Makes Quantum Computing Available on IBM Cloud |url=https://www-03.ibm.com/press/us/en/pressrelease/49661.wss |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160504214945/http://www-03.ibm.com/press/us/en/pressrelease/49661.wss |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 4, 2016 |website=www-03.ibm.com |date=4 May 2016}}</ref> [[IMEC]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imec-int.com/en/articles/imec-enters-the-race-to-unleash-quantum-computing-with-silicon-qubits|title=Imec enters the race to unleash quantum computing with silicon qubits|website=www.imec-int.com|language=en|access-date=2019-11-10}}</ref> [[BBN Technologies]],<ref>
{{As of|2016|May|df=US}}, up to 9 fully controllable [[qubit]]s are demonstrated in the 1D [[Array programming|array]],<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Kelly |first1=J. |last2=Barends |first2=R. |last3=Fowler |first3=A. G. |last4=Megrant |first4=A. |last5=Jeffrey |first5=E. |last6=White |first6=T. C. |last7=Sank |first7=D. |last8=Mutus |first8=J. Y. |last9=Campbell |first9=B. |last10=Chen |first10=Yu |last11=Chen |first11=Z. |last12=Chiaro |first12=B. |last13=Dunsworth |first13=A. |last14=Hoi |first14=I.-C. |last15=Neill |first15=C. |last16=O’Malley |first16=P. J. J. |last17=Quintana |first17=C. |last18=Roushan |first18=P. |last19=Vainsencher |first19=A. |last20=Wenner |first20=J. |last21=Cleland |first21=A. N. |last22=Martinis |first22=John M. |title=State preservation by repetitive error detection in a superconducting quantum circuit |arxiv=1411.7403 |journal=Nature |date=4 March 2015 |volume=519 |issue=7541 |pages=66–69 |doi=10.1038/nature14270|pmid=25739628 |bibcode=2015Natur.519...66K |s2cid=3032369 }}</ref> and up to 16 in 2D architecture.<ref name="IBM" /> In October 2019, the [[John M. Martinis|Martinis]] group, partnered with [[Google]], published an article demonstrating novel [[quantum supremacy]], using a chip composed of 53 superconducting qubits.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Arute |first1=Frank |last2=Arya |first2=Kunal |last3=Babbush |first3=Ryan |last4=Bacon |first4=Dave |last5=Bardin |first5=Joseph C. |last6=Barends |first6=Rami |last7=Biswas |first7=Rupak |last8=Boixo |first8=Sergio |last9=Brandao |first9=Fernando G. S. L. |last10=Buell |first10=David A. |last11=Burkett |first11=Brian |last12=Chen |first12=Yu |last13=Chen |first13=Zijun |last14=Chiaro |first14=Ben |last15=Collins |first15=Roberto |last16=Courtney |first16=William |last17=Dunsworth |first17=Andrew |last18=Farhi |first18=Edward |last19=Foxen |first19=Brooks |last20=Fowler |first20=Austin |last21=Gidney |first21=Craig |last22=Giustina |first22=Marissa |last23=Graff |first23=Rob |last24=Guerin |first24=Keith |last25=Habegger |first25=Steve |last26=Harrigan |first26=Matthew P. |last27=Hartmann |first27=Michael J. |last28=Ho |first28=Alan |last29=Hoffmann |first29=Markus |last30=Huang |first30=Trent |last31=Humble |first31=Travis S. |last32=Isakov |first32=Sergei V. |last33=Jeffrey |first33=Evan |last34=Jiang |first34=Zhang |last35=Kafri |first35=Dvir |last36=Kechedzhi |first36=Kostyantyn |last37=Kelly |first37=Julian |last38=Klimov |first38=Paul V. |last39=Knysh |first39=Sergey |last40=Korotkov |first40=Alexander |last41=Kostritsa |first41=Fedor |last42=Landhuis |first42=David |last43=Lindmark |first43=Mike |last44=Lucero |first44=Erik |last45=Lyakh |first45=Dmitry |last46=Mandrà |first46=Salvatore |last47=McClean |first47=Jarrod R. |last48=McEwen |first48=Matthew |last49=Megrant |first49=Anthony |last50=Mi |first50=Xiao |last51=Michielsen |first51=Kristel |last52=Mohseni |first52=Masoud |last53=Mutus |first53=Josh |last54=Naaman |first54=Ofer |last55=Neeley |first55=Matthew |last56=Neill |first56=Charles |last57=Niu |first57=Murphy Yuezhen |last58=Ostby |first58=Eric |last59=Petukhov |first59=Andre |last60=Platt |first60=John C. |last61=Quintana |first61=Chris |last62=Rieffel |first62=Eleanor G. |last63=Roushan |first63=Pedram |last64=Rubin |first64=Nicholas C. |last65=Sank |first65=Daniel |last66=Satzinger |first66=Kevin J. |last67=Smelyanskiy |first67=Vadim |last68=Sung |first68=Kevin J. |last69=Trevithick |first69=Matthew D. |last70=Vainsencher |first70=Amit |last71=Villalonga |first71=Benjamin |last72=White |first72=Theodore |last73=Yao |first73=Z. Jamie |last74=Yeh |first74=Ping |last75=Zalcman |first75=Adam |last76=Neven |first76=Hartmut |last77=Martinis |first77=John M. |title=Quantum supremacy using a programmable superconducting processor |journal=Nature |date=October 2019 |volume=574 |issue=7779 |pages=505–510 |doi=10.1038/s41586-019-1666-5 |pmid=31645734 | arxiv=1910.11333|bibcode=2019Natur.574..505A |doi-access=free }}</ref>
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