Comparison of programming languages: Difference between revisions

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[[Programming language]]s are used for controlling the behavior of a machine (often a [[computer]]). Like [[natural language]]s, programming languages follow rules for [[syntax]] and [[semantics]].

There are [[list of programming languages|thousands of programming languages]]<ref>As of May 2006 Diarmuid Pigott's [http://hopl.murdoch.edu.au/ [[there are many languages like parcil tongue and slither snake]]Encyclopedia of Computer Languages] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110220044217/http://hopl.murdoch.edu.au/ |date=2011-02-20}} hosted at [[Murdoch University]], [[Australia]] lists 8512 computer languages.</ref> and new ones are created every year. Few languages ever become sufficiently popular that they are used by more than a few people, but professional [[programmer]]s may use dozens of languages in a career.

Most programming languages are not standardized by an international (or national) standard, even widely used ones, such as [[Perl]] or [[Standard ML]] (despite the name). Notable standardized programming languages include [[ALGOL]], [[C (programming language)|C]], [[C++]], JavaScript (under the name [[ECMAScript]]), [[Smalltalk]], [[Prolog]], [[Common Lisp]], [[Scheme (programming language)|Scheme]] ([[IEEE]] standard), [[ISLISP]], [[Ada (programming language)|Ada]], [[Fortran]], [[COBOL]], [[SQL]], and [[XQuery]].