Chemical oxygen generator: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 23:55, 11 May 2025

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The oxidizer core is [[sodium chlorate]] ([[Sodium|Na]][[Chlorine|Cl]][[Oxygen|O]]₃), which is mixed with less than 5{{nbsp}}percent [[barium peroxide]] ([[barium|Ba]][[Oxygen|O]]₂) and less than 1 percent [[potassium perchlorate]] ([[potassium|K]][[chlorine|Cl]][[oxygen|O]]₄). The explosives in the percussion cap are a [[lead styphnate]] and [[tetrazene explosive]] mixture. The chemical reaction is exothermic and the exterior temperature of the generator will reach {{convert|260|°C|°F|abbr=on}}. It will produce oxygen for 12 to 22 minutes.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Functions of Barium Peroxide in Sodium Chlorate Chemical Oxygen |author1=Yunchang Zhang |author2=Girish Kshirsagar |author3=James C. Cannon |journal=Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. |volume=32 |issue=5 |pages=966–969 |year=1993 |url= |doi=10.1021/ie00017a028 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |title=Chlorate Candles as a Source of Oxygen |author1=William H. Schechter |author2=R. R. Miller |author3=Robert M. Bovard |author4=C. B. Jackson |author5=John R. Pappenheimer |journal=Industrial & Engineering Chemistry |volume=42 |issue=11 |pages=2348–2353 |year=1950 |url= |doi=10.1021/ie50491a045}}</ref> The two-mask generator is approximately {{convert|63|mm|in|abbr=on}} in diameter and {{convert|223|mm|in|abbr=on}} long. The three-mask generator is approximately {{convert|70|mm|in|abbr=on}} in diameter and {{convert|250|mm|in|abbr=on}} long.

InOn May 11, 1996, accidental activation of improperly shipped expired generators, mistakenly labeled as empty "oxy canisters",<ref name=FAA-N904VJ>{{Cite web |title=McDonnell Douglas DC-9-32 {{!}} ValuJet Airlines Flight 592, N904VJ |work=[[Federal Aviation Administration]] |date=19 December 2022 |access-date=10 October 2024 |url=https://www.faa.gov/lessons_learned/transport_airplane/accidents/N904VJ}}</ref> caused the [[ValuJet Airlines Flight 592]] crash, killing all on board.<ref>{{cite episode|series=[[Mayday (Canadian TV series)|Mayday]]|title=Fire in the Hold|season=12|number=2|date=10 August 2012}}</ref> An ATA DC-10, Flight 131, was also destroyed while parked at O'Hare Airport, on August 10, 1986. The cause was the accidental activation of an oxygen generator, contained in the back of a broken DC-10 seat, being shipped in the cargo compartment to a repair station. There were no fatalities or injuries because the plane contained no passengers when the fire broke out.<ref>{{cite web |title= OT McDonnell Douglas DC-10-40 N184AT |url= https://asn.flightsafety.org/asndb/326951 |work= [[Aviation Safety Network]] |url-status= live |archive-url= https://archive.today/20240621035329/https://asn.flightsafety.org/asndb/326951 |archive-date= June 21, 2024}}</ref><ref>[http://www.airliners.net/photo/American-Trans-Air/McDonnell-Douglas-DC-10-40/0148751/L/&sid=faf57dd90832c5c13834020fb2255dc2 Airliners.net, Photograph, Dave Campbell]</ref>

==Oxygen candle==