Human–computer interaction: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 06:25, 29 April 2025

Revision as of 10:09, 12 May 2025

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==Introduction==

{{More citations needed section|date=May 2021}}

Humans interact with computers in many ways, and the interface between the two is crucial to facilitating this interaction. HCI is also sometimes termed ''human–machine interaction'' (HMI), ''man-machine interaction'' (MMI) or ''computer-human interaction'' (CHI). Desktop applications, web browsers, handheld computers, and computer kiosks make use of the prevalent [[graphical user interface]]s (GUI) of today.<ref name="ACM SIGCHI">{{cite web|last1=Hewett|last2=Baecker|last3=Card|last4=Carey|last5=Gasen|last6=Mantei|last7=Perlman|last8=Strong|last9=Verplank|title=ACM SIGCHI Curricula for Human–Computer Interaction|url=http://old.sigchi.org/cdg/cdg2.html#2_1|publisher=ACM SIGCHI|access-date=15 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140817165957/http://old.sigchi.org/cdg/cdg2.html#2_1|archive-date=17 August 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Voice user interface]]s (VUIs) are used for [[speech recognition]] and synthesizing systems, and the emerging [[multimodal interaction|multi-modal]] and Graphical user interfaces (GUI) allow humans to engage with [[Embodied agent|embodied character agents]] in a way that cannot be achieved with other interface paradigms.

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Due to the multidisciplinary nature of HCI, people with different backgrounds contribute to its success.

Poorly designed [[human-machine interface]]s can lead to many unexpected problems. A classic example is the [[Three Mile Island accident]], a nuclear meltdown accident, where investigations concluded that the design of the human-machine interface was at least partly responsible for the disaster.<ref name="What is Cognitive Ergonomics?" /><ref name="NRC: Backgrounder on the Three Mile Island Accident" /><ref name="three mile island" /> Similarly, some accidents in aviation have resulted from manufacturers' decisions to use non-standard [[Flight instruments#Layout|flight instruments]] or throttle quadrant layouts: even though the new designs were proposed to be superior in basic human-machine interaction, pilots had already ingrained the "standard" layout. Thus, the conceptually good idea had unintended results.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1994-05-02 |title=Bonanza Safety Review |url=https://www.aopa.org/news-and-media/all-news/1994/february/pilot/bonanza-safety-review |access-date=2025-05-12 |website=www.aopa.org |language=en}}</ref>

==Human–computer interface==