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=== CringeAnarchy ===
{{proper name|r/CringeAnarchy}} was a subreddit themed around "[[wikt:cringe#Noun|cringe]]", "[[wikt:edgy|edgy]]", [[politically incorrect]] content. Originally an [[Censorship|uncensored]] (hence "anarchy") spinoff of {{proper name|r/cringe}},<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NFk_DQAAQBAJ&q=CringeAnarchy |title=Cringeworthy: How to Make the Most of Uncomfortable Situations |first=Melissa |last=Dahl |year=2018 |isbn=978-0-593-07746-7 |publisher=Transworld |via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref> its content later shifted to the [[far right]], with [[Transphobia|transphobic]] and "anti-[[SJW]]" content taking prominence.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ozy.com/rising-stars/hold-the-hate-how-shes-turning-reddit-into-an-ad-haven/92225 |title=Can She Make Brands Say Yes to Reddit? |first=Molly |last=Fosco |website=OZY |date=February 3, 2019 |access-date=June 27, 2019 |archive-date=July 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728093542/https://www.ozy.com/the-new-and-the-next/can-she-make-brands-say-yes-to-reddit/92225/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://qz.com/1092037/the-alt-right-is-creating-its-own-dialect-heres-a-complete-guide/ |title=The alt-right is creating its own dialect. Here's the dictionary |first1=Nikhil |last1=Sonnad |first2=Tim |last2=Squirrell |website=Quartz |date=October 30, 2017 |access-date=March 20, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180307194831/https://qz.com/1092037/the-alt-right-is-creating-its-own-dialect-heres-a-complete-guide/ |archive-date=March 7, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="vice-subs">{{cite web |url=https://www.vice.com/
Following the 2019 [[Christchurch mosque shootings]], anti-Muslim posts on r/CringeAnarchy increased.<ref name="MJNZ">{{cite web |last1=Breland |first1=Ali |title=Anti-Muslim hate has been rampant on Reddit since the New Zealand shooting |url=https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2019/03/reddit-new-zealand-shooting-islamophobia/ |website=Mother Jones |access-date=April 26, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420135756/https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2019/03/reddit-new-zealand-shooting-islamophobia/ |archive-date=April 20, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref> The sub was banned on April 25, 2019, for violating Reddit's content policy regarding violent content.<ref>{{cite news |last=Tiffany |first=Kaitlyn |title=How Did We Get So 'Cringe'?|access-date=5 March 2022 |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2022/01/cringe-culture-everywhere/621272/ |date=15 January 2022 |website=The Atlantic|quote=Banned users made a spin-off forum called r/CringeAnarchy, which later became a far-right cesspool and then was kicked off Reddit for encouraging violence.}}</ref>
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In the summer of 2017, a [[petition]] on [[Change.org]] called for {{proper name|r/Incels}} to be banned for inciting [[violence against women]].{{r|Hauser 2017}} Following the October implementation of a new Reddit policy that prohibited the [[incitement]] of violence, the subreddit was banned on November 7, 2017.<ref name="Fingas Nov 2017">{{Cite news |url=https://www.engadget.com/2017/11/08/reddit-bans-misogynist-community-in-anti-violence-crackdown/ |title=Reddit bans misogynist community as part of anti-violence crackdown |last=Fingas |first=Jon |date=November 8, 2017 |work=Engadget |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171109020239/https://www.engadget.com/2017/11/08/reddit-bans-misogynist-community-in-anti-violence-crackdown/ |archive-date=November 9, 2017 |url-status=}}</ref> At that time, {{proper name|r/incels}} had around 40,000 subscribers.<ref name="Solon Nov 2017" />
{{proper name|r/Braincels}} subsequently became the most popular subreddit for incels, gaining 16,900 followers by April 2018. After the [[2018 Toronto van attack]], posts appeared on this subreddit praising the actions of Alek Minassian, the alleged perpetrator. Later, the subreddit's leaders disavowed the attack and deleted some of the posts that praised Minassian.<ref name="Lamoureaux, Mack">{{cite magazine |author=Lamoureaux, Mack |date=April 24, 2018 |title=A Brief History of 'Incel,' the Misogynistic Group Allegedly Cited By Toronto Van Attacker |url=https://www.vice.com/
=== {{anchor|r/jailbait}} Jailbait ===
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=== NoNewNormal ===
{{proper name|r/NoNewNormal}} was a subreddit critical of the responses to the [[COVID-19 pandemic]]. It propagated [[COVID-19 misinformation|various conspiracies about the pandemic]] and measures to control it, including lockdowns, masking, [[Vaccine hesitancy|vaccines]], and the implementation of a "[[new normal]]". It was quarantined for misinformation on August 12, 2021, when it had accumulated over 112,000 subscribers. Subreddits {{proper name|r/rejectnewnormal}} and {{proper name|r/refusenewnormal}} were subsequently banned for trying to circumvent the quarantine, and {{proper name|r/PandemicHoax}} and {{proper name|r/truthseekers}}, which hosted similar content, set themselves to private.<ref>{{cite news |last=Cole |first=Samantha |title=Reddit Quarantines AntiMask Antivax Subreddit |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article
In a thread on {{proper name|r/vaxxhappened}}, a community opposing [[vaccine misinformation]], a Redditor called upon administrators to ban subreddits that primarily spread medical misinformation.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Haroun |first1=Azmi |title=Popular pro-vaccine Reddit page calls on founders to do more to combat COVID-19 disinformation |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/reddit-page-calls-on-site-to-combat-covid-19-disinformation-2021-8?r=US&IR=T |website=Business Insider}}</ref> Admins responded that Reddit is a platform for free speech and discussion, and would continue to allow subreddits that challenge the consensus views on the pandemic.<ref>{{cite web |first=Igor |last=Bonifacic|title=Reddit CEO rejects call for a crackdown on coronavirus misinformation |url=https://www.engadget.com/reddit-211856313.html |website=Engadget|date=August 26, 2021 |access-date=6 December 2024}}</ref> In protest of Reddit's response, the moderators of 135 subreddits (including {{Not a typo|r/flor|ida}}, {{proper name|r/futurology}}, {{proper name|r/pokemongo}}, {{proper name|r/startrek}}, and {{proper name|r/tifu}}) made their subreddits private.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Schlitz |first=Heather |date=September 1, 2021 |title=135 subreddits are 'going dark' to protest Reddit's refusal to ban COVID disinformation |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/135-subreddits-go-dark-to-protest-inaction-on-covid-disinformation-2021-9 |url-status=live |access-date=September 6, 2021 |website=Business Insider|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210901162137/https://www.businessinsider.com/135-subreddits-go-dark-to-protest-inaction-on-covid-disinformation-2021-9 |archive-date=September 1, 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Goforth |first1=Claire |title=After Reddit refuses demands for crackdown, dozens of subreddits go dark to protest COVID disinformation |url=https://www.dailydot.com/debug/subreddits-private-protest-covid-disinformation-reddit/ |website=The Daily Dot |date=August 30, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Kan |first1=Michael |title=Pokémon Go Forum Goes Dark to Protest Reddit's COVID-19 Misinformation Problem |url=https://www.pcmag.com/news/pokemon-go-forum-goes-dark-to-protest-reddits-covid-19-misinformation-problem |website=PCMAG|date=August 30, 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=u/Femilip |title=Subs going dark |url=https://www.reddit.com/r/N8theGr8/comments/pelle1/subs_going_dark/ |website=Reddit |department=r/N8theGr8 |date=August 30, 2021 |access-date=August 31, 2021}}</ref>
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{{main|r/antiwork}}
The subreddit {{proper name|r/antiwork}} was established in 2013.<ref name=Codrea-Rado>{{cite web|last=Codrea-Rado|first=Anna|url=https://www.vice.com/en/article
In 2019, the number of subscribers was 13,000,<ref name=Codrea-Rado/> which increased to 100,000 in early 2020.<ref name=DaroAntiwork/> The subreddit's popularity rose after people began posting text messages of employees giving notice to their employers that they no longer wanted their jobs.<ref name=Codrea-Rado/> In November 2021, the subscriber number exceeded one million.<ref name=DaroAntiwork/> By December 2021, that number had grown to 1.4 million,<ref name=Codrea-Rado/> and in January 2022, it had reached over 1.7 million. On 26 January, {{proper name|r/antiwork}} was the subreddit with the highest increase of traffic that was not one of Reddit's "default" front page subreddits.<ref name=OConnellFlynnAntiwork>{{cite web|last1=O'Connell|first1=Oliver|last2=Flynn|first2=Sheila|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/anti-work-reddit-abolishwork-fired-b2002606.html|title=Moderator fired from anti-work subreddit after disastrous Fox News interview|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|date=2022-01-28|access-date=2022-01-28}}</ref>
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The group has a strict [[Social hierarchies|hierarchy]], with moderators called "Ruthless Strategists" on top. Community is prioritized over the individual, and members are advised against speaking with journalists, practices which have been described as [[cult]]-like.<ref name="Holden 2020">{{cite web |date=December 9, 2020 |last=Holden |first=Madeleine |url=https://melmagazine.com/en-us/story/female-dating-strategy-reddit |url-status=live |access-date=August 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201209164418/https://melmagazine.com/en-us/story/female-dating-strategy-reddit |archive-date=December 9, 2020 |title=In Reddit's 'Female Dating Strategy', Women level up and make men the prey |work=[[MEL (magazine)|MEL]] |language=en }}</ref> The subreddit advises against dating men with [[Mental disorder|mental illnesses]], and has banned members for believing men can be victims of sexual assault. The members oppose [[liberal feminism]], or "libfems",<ref name="Holden 2020" /><ref name=":0" /> and endorse [[TERF]]-like views; transgender women are prohibited from posting. The sub has also been criticized for contradictory advice, such as encouraging independence from men while expecting them to pay for dates and be the primary breadwinners.<ref name="Sisley 2021" />
Critics have compared {{proper name|r/FemaleDatingStrategy}} to the manosphere subreddits it was created to oppose.<ref name="Sisley 2021">{{cite web |date=March 10, 2021 |last=Sisley |first=Dominique |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article
The subreddit historically made extensive use of female-incel ("[[Incel#Female incels|femcel]]") language, but when the femcel jargon interfered with the recruitment of new members, users gradually adopted new terminology. It includes terms like "scrotes" for men and "pickmeisha" for women, who FDS claims degrade themselves for men. "Pickmeisha" has been used to label members that criticize the moderators or claim to enjoy banned behavior such as casual sex,<ref name="Holden 2020" /> and it has been targeted at women in other subreddits for issues such as seeking advice on their partner's erectile dysfunction.<ref name="Taylor 2020" />
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In 2016, three scholars from the [[Georgia Institute of Technology]] wrote an academic paper analyzing r/KotakuInAction and "the border between controversial speech and harassment".<ref name="Jhaver 2018">{{cite journal |last1=Jhaver |first1=Shagun |last2=Chan |first2=Larry |last3=Bruckman |first3=Amy |title=The view from the other side: The border between controversial speech and harassment on Kotaku in Action |journal=First Monday |volume=23 |issue=2 |doi=10.5210/fm.v23i2.8232 |date=February 5, 2018 |arxiv=1712.05851 |s2cid=3653593 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
On July 12, 2018, r/KotakuInAction's creator and head moderator removed all of the sub's other moderators and set the forum to private, alleging that the sub had become "infested with racism and sexism". A Reddit employee restored the forum and its moderators an hour later.<ref name="Knoop 2018">{{cite web |last=Knoop |first=Joseph |title=Reddit brought back a Gamergate forum after its creator tried to destroy it |url=https://www.dailydot.com/parsec/reddit-kotakuinaction/ |work=The Daily Dot |date=July 14, 2018 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20180714184646/https://www.dailydot.com/parsec/reddit-kotakuinaction/ |archive-date=July 14, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Cole 2018">{{cite web |last=Cole |first=Samantha |title=The Creator of the Largest Gamergate Subreddit Rage Quits, Says it's 'Infested With Racism and Sexism' |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article
A 2020 review analyzing ten discussion boards on r/KotakuInAction suggested a connection between Gamergate and [[Far-right politics|right-wing extremism]] (RWE). According to the review, the three main themes in these discussion boards were "RWE bigotry", "always anti-left" and "hate speech is free speech".<ref name="Peckford2">{{cite journal |last=Peckford |first=Ashley |date=2020 |title=Right Wing Extremism in a Video Game Community? A Qualitative Content Analysis Exploring the Discourse of the Reddit GamerGate Community r/KotakuInAction |url=https://www.sfu.ca/~palys/ACloserLookInUnusualTimes-2020-HR.pdf#page=71 |journal=A Closer Look in Unusual Times: Criminological Perspectives from Crim 862 |pages=65–81}}</ref>
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=== Piracy and PiratedGames ===
In 2019, Reddit threatened to ban {{proper name|r/piracy}} after receiving dozens of [[Digital Millennium Copyright Act|DMCA]] takedown notices. The moderators responded that Reddit did not investigate the infringement claims to find if they actually [[Copyright infringement|infringed copyright law]]. Often, they argued, users had actually been sharing [[URL]]s for [[Streaming media|streaming]] sites, asking if such sites were working, and posting guides about installing programs. Ultimately r/Piracy's users voted to delete all content older than six months, as it was not feasible to investigate all past content.<ref name="Kobie 2019">{{cite news |last=Kobie |first=Nicole |date=14 April 2019 |title=First it was football streams, now Reddit is going after r/piracy |url=https://www.wired.co.uk/article/reddit-piracy-streams |access-date=July 22, 2021 |magazine=Wired UK}}</ref><ref name="Gault 2019">{{cite news |last=Gault |first=Matthew |date=8 April 2019 |title=Reddit's Piracy Subreddit Is Purging a Decade of Posts |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article
On August 17, 2022, Reddit banned {{proper name|r/PiratedGames}}, which focused specifically on [[Online piracy|pirated video games]] and was among the largest piracy-related subreddits with over 300,000 subscribers. Though the subreddit explicitly prohibited sharing pirated content, it was banned for excessive DMCA claims. Following an appeal from the moderators, it was restored the next day.<ref name="TorrentFreak">{{cite news |last=Van der Sar |first=Ernesto |date=18 August 2022 |title=Reddit Bans '/r/PiratedGames' for Excessive Copyright Claims (Updated) |url=https://torrentfreak.com/reddit-bans-r-piratedgames-for-excessive-copyright-claims-220818/ |access-date=23 August 2022 |work=TorrentFreak}}</ref> In several articles, ''[[TorrentFreak]]'' said the ban was part of Reddit's increasing crackdown on copyright infringement, noting that the year prior around 2,625 subreddits had been banned for similar reasons, and that DMCA takedowns on Reddit had increased by over 15,000% in the past five years.<ref name="TorrentFreak"/><ref>{{cite news |last=Maxwell |first=Andy |date=23 February 2022 |title=Reddit Banned 2,625 Subreddits For Excessive Copyright Infringement in 2021 |url=https://torrentfreak.com/reddit-banned-2625-subreddits-for-excessive-copyright-infringement-in-2021-220223/ |access-date=23 August 2022 |work=TorrentFreak}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Van der Sar |first=Ernesto |date=21 August 2022 |title=Reddit's DMCA Removals Surged 15,000% in Five Years |url=https://torrentfreak.com/reddits-dmca-removals-surged-15000-in-five-years-220821/ |access-date=23 August 2022 |work=TorrentFreak}}</ref>
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