Power-flow study: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 15:02, 23 April 2025

Revision as of 14:42, 21 May 2025

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{{Short description|Numerical analysis of electric power flow}}

In [[power engineering]], thea '''power-flow study''', (also orknown as '''power-flow analysis''' or '''load-flow study''',) is a [[numerical analysis]] of the flow of [[electric power]] in an interconnected system. A power-flow study usually uses simplified notations such as a [[one-line diagram]] and [[per-unit system]], and focuses on various aspects of [[AC power]] parameters, such as [[voltage]], voltage angles, real power and reactive power. It analyzes the power systems in normal steady-state operation.

Power-flow or load-flow studies are important for planning future expansion of power systems as well as in determining the best operation of existing systems. The principal information obtained from the power-flow study is the magnitude and phase angle of the voltage at each [[busbar|bus]], and the real and reactive power flowing in each line.

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* [[Laurent Power Flow (LPF) method]]: Power flow formulation that provides guarantee of uniqueness of solution and independence on initial conditions for electrical distribution systems. The LPF is based on the current injection method (CIM) and applies the Laurent series expansion. The main characteristics of this formulation are its proven numerical convergence and stability, and its computational advantages, showing to be at least ten times faster than the BFS method both in balanced and unbalanced networks.<ref>Giraldo, J. S., Montoya, O. D., Vergara, P. P., & Milano, F. (2022). A fixed-point current injection power flow for electric distribution systems using Laurent series. Electric Power Systems Research, 211, 108326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2022.108326</ref> Since it is based on the system's admittance matrix, the formulation is able to consider radial and meshed network topologies without additional modifications (contrary to the compensation-based BFS<ref>Shirmohammadi, D., Hong, H. W., Semlyen, A., & Luo, G. X. (1988). A compensation-based power flow method for weakly meshed distribution and transmission networks. IEEE Transactions on power systems, 3(2), 753-762. https://doi.org/10.1109/59.192932</ref>). The simplicity and computational efficiency of the LPF method make it an attractive option for recursive power flow problems, such as those encountered in time-series analyses, metaheuristics, probabilistic analysis, reinforcement learning applied to power systems, and other related applications.

==DC power- flow==

DirectDC power flow (also known as direct current load flow) gives estimations of lines power flows on AC power systems. DirectDespite the name, DC power flow is not an analysis on [[direct current]], loadbut rather on alternating current. DC power flow looks only at [[active power]] flows and neglects [[reactive power]] flows. This method is non-iterative and absolutely convergent but less accurate than AC Load Flow solutions. DirectDC current loadpower flow is used wherever repetitive and fast load flow estimations are required.<ref>[https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/bbm%3A978-3-642-17989-1%2F1.pdf Seifi, H. &. (2011). Appendix A: DC Load Flow. In H. &. Seifi, Electric power system planning: issues, algorithms and solutions (pp. 245-249). Berlin: Springer]</ref>

==References==