The '''Java campaign of 1806–1807''' was a minor [[military campaign]] of the [[Napoleonic Wars]] in which the [[Royal Navy]] targeted and eliminateddestroyed a squadron of the [[navy of the Kingdom of Holland]] based on the island of [[Java]]. In 1806, British[[Rear admiral (United Kingdom)|Rear-Admiraladmiral]] [[Edward Pellew, 1st Viscount Exmouth|Sir Edward Pellew]] determined that the [[Kingdom of Holland]]'s warships in the [[Dutch East Indies]] posed a potential threat to British merchant shipping passing through the [[Malacca Straits]]. At the timesquadron, the Dutch navy's presence in the region consisted primarily of a squadronconsisting of three [[Ship of the line|ships of the line]] and several smaller warships under [[Vice admiral|Vice-Admiraladmiral]] [[Pieter Hartsinck]], posed a potential threat to British merchant shipping passing through the [[Strait of Malacca]]. As Pellew lacked the strength to invade Java outright, he instead established a [[blockade]] of the [[Dutch East IndianIndies]]' capital of [[Batavia, Dutch East Indies|Batavia]] and made preparations to engage in targeted naval strikes to isolate and destroy Hartsinck's squadron.
Although hishe plans werewas delayed by inadequate resources and the [[Vellore Mutiny]] in India, Pellew sent the frigate [[HMS Greyhound (1783)|HMS ''Greyhound'']] to the [[Java Sea]] in July 1806. There, she [[Action of 26 July 1806|intercepted and destroyed a Dutch convoy]] near [[Sulawesi|Celebes]] on 26 July. Nearly three months later, another British frigate, [[HMS Caroline (1795)|HMS ''Caroline'']], captured a Dutch frigate and brig in the [[action of 18 October 1806|on 18 October]] off Batavia. Building on this momentum, Pellew brought his main force to the region and on 27 November launched a [[Raid on Batavia (1806)|raid onraided Batavia]], destroying the last frigate and several smaller warships of the DutchHartsinck's squadron. As Hartsinckthe had withdrawn histhree ships of the line had escaped to [[Gresik Regency|Griessie]] prior to the raid, Pellew returned with a second force in October 1807. His forces carried out a [[raidRaid on Griessie|raided Griessie]] in early December, during which the Dutch scuttled all three ships of the line were scuttled.
The destruction of Hartsinck's squadron led to the collapse of Dutch naval power in the region and secured Britain's [[command of the sea]] across the western Pacific and eastern Indian Ocean, ensuring safe passage for British merchant shipping. With the Dutch no longer a threat to British mercantile interests in the East Indies, Britain's attention turned to the two remaining French colonies in the Indian Ocean, [[Isle de France (Mauritius)|Isle de France]] and [[Réunion|Isle Bonaparte]]. In the [[Mauritius campaign of 1809–1811]], both colonies were occupied by British forces, ending the threat from European rivals to Britain's interests in the region.
