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[[File:A micrograph of the corner of the photosensor array of a ‘webcam’.jpeg|thumb|A micrograph of the corner of the photosensor array of a [[webcam]] digital camera]]
[[File:Image sensor and motherbord nikon coolpix l2.JPG|thumb|Image sensor (upper left) on the motherboard of a {{nowrap|Nikon Coolpix L2 6 MP}}]]
[[File:14 5MP image sensor.jpg|thumb|Lumia 520 1/4" 5MP image sensor.]]
The two main types of [[digital image]] sensors are the [[charge-coupled device]] (CCD) and the [[active-pixel sensor]] (CMOS sensor), [[semiconductor device fabrication|fabricated]] in [[complementary MOS]] (CMOS) or [[N-type semiconductor|N-type]] MOS ([[NMOS logic|NMOS]] or [[Live MOS]]) technologies. Both CCD and CMOS sensors are based on the [[MOS technology]],<ref>{{cite book |last1=Cressler |first1=John D. |title=Silicon Earth: Introduction to Microelectronics and Nanotechnology, Second Edition |date=2017 |publisher=[[CRC Press]] |isbn=978-1-351-83020-1 |chapter=Let There Be Light: The Bright World of Photonics |page=29 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i-5HDwAAQBAJ&pg=SA12-PA29}}</ref> with [[MOS capacitor]]s being the building blocks of a CCD,<ref>{{cite book |last1=Sze |first1=Simon Min |author1-link=Simon Sze |last2=Lee |first2=Ming-Kwei |chapter=MOS Capacitor and MOSFET |title=Semiconductor Devices: Physics and Technology : International Student Version |date=May 2012 |publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]] |isbn=9780470537947 |chapter-url=https://www.oreilly.com/library/view/semiconductor-devices-physics/9780470537947/13_chap05.html |access-date=6 October 2019}}</ref> and [[MOSFET]] amplifiers being the building blocks of a CMOS sensor.<ref name="fossum93">{{cite book |last1=Fossum |first1=Eric R. |chapter=Active pixel sensors: Are CCDS dinosaurs? |author1-link=Eric Fossum |title=Charge-Coupled Devices and Solid State Optical Sensors III |volume=1900 |date=12 July 1993 |doi=10.1117/12.148585 |bibcode=1993SPIE.1900....2F |publisher=International Society for Optics and Photonics |pages=2–14 |editor1-last=Blouke |editor1-first=Morley M.|citeseerx=10.1.1.408.6558 |s2cid=10556755 }}</ref><ref name="Fossum2014">{{cite journal |last1=Fossum |first1=Eric R. |author1-link=Eric Fossum |last2=Hondongwa |first2=D. B. |title=A Review of the Pinned Photodiode for CCD and CMOS Image Sensors |journal=IEEE Journal of the Electron Devices Society |date=2014 |volume=2 |issue=3 |pages=33–43 |doi=10.1109/JEDS.2014.2306412 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
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