Transparency and translucency: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 17:48, 9 June 2025

Revision as of 17:48, 9 June 2025

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[[File:Dichroic filters.jpg|thumb|right|[[Dichroic filter]]s are created using optically transparent materials.]]

In the field of [[optics]], '''transparency''' (also called '''pellucidity''' or '''diaphaneity''') is the [[physical property]] of allowing [[light]] to pass through the material without appreciable [[light scattering by particles|scattering of light]]. On a [[macroscopic scale]] (one in which the dimensions are much larger than the wavelengths of the [[photon]]s in question), the photons can be said to follow [[Snell's law]]. '''Translucency''' (also called '''translucence''' or '''translucidity''') is the physical property of allowing light to pass through the materiallmaterial (with or without scattering of light). It allows light to pass through but the light does not necessarily follow Snell's law on the macroscopic scale; the photons may be scattered at either of the two interfaces, or internally, where there is a change in the index of [[refraction]]. In other words, a translucent material is made up of components with different indices of refraction. A transparent material is made up of components with a uniform index of refraction.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Thomas |first=S. M. |title=What determines whether a substance is transparent? |journal=[[Scientific American]] |date=October 21, 1999}}</ref> Transparent materials appear clear, with the overall appearance of one color, or any combination leading up to a brilliant [[spectrum]] of every color. The opposite property of translucency is [[Opacity (optics)|opacity]]. Other categories of visual appearance, related to the perception of regular or diffuse reflection and transmission of light, have been organized under the concept of [[Cesia (visual appearance)|cesia]] in an order system with three variables, including transparency, translucency and opacity among the involved aspects.

When light encounters a material, it can interact with it in several different ways. These interactions depend on the [[wavelength]] of the light and the nature of the material. Photons interact with an object by some combination of reflection, absorption and transmission.