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* [[Voice over IP|VoIP]]:<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Lopetegui |first1=I. |last2=Carrasco |first2=R.A. |last3=Boussakta |first3=S. |title=2010 7th International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks & Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP 2010) |chapter=VoIP design and implementation with network coding schemes for wireless networks |date=July 2010 |chapter-url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/5580304 |___location=Newcastle upon Tyne |publisher=IEEE |pages=857–861 |doi=10.1109/CSNDSP16145.2010.5580304 |isbn=978-1-4244-8858-2|s2cid=1761089 }}</ref> The performance of streaming services such as VoIP over wireless mesh networks can be improved with network coding by reducing the network delay and jitter.{{citation needed|date=June 2022}}
* Video<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last1=Shrimali |first1=R. |last2=Narmawala |first2=Z. |title=2012 Nirma University International Conference on Engineering (NUiCONE) |chapter=A survey on MPEG-4 streaming using network coding in wireless networks |date=December 2012 |chapter-url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6493203 |pages=1–5 |doi=10.1109/NUICONE.2012.6493203|isbn=978-1-4673-1719-1 |s2cid=7791774 }}</ref> and audio<ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last1=Saeed |first1=Basil |last2=Lung |first2=Chung-Horng |last3=Kunz |first3=Thomas |last4=Srinivasan |first4=Anand |title=2011 IFIP Wireless Days (WD) |chapter=Audio streaming for ad hoc wireless mesh networks using network coding |date=October 2011 |chapter-url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6098167 |pages=1–5 |doi=10.1109/WD.2011.6098167|isbn=978-1-4577-2028-4 |s2cid=8052927 }}</ref> streaming and conferencing:<ref name=":4">{{Cite journal |last1=Wang |first1=Lei |last2=Yang |first2=Zhen |last3=Xu |first3=Lijie |last4=Yang |first4=Yuwang |date=July 2016 |title=NCVCS: Network-coding-based video conference system for mobile devices in multicast networks |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1570870516300713 |journal=Ad Hoc Networks |language=en |volume=45 |pages=13–21 |doi=10.1016/j.adhoc.2016.03.002|url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Wang |first1=Hui |last2=Chang |first2=Ronald Y. |last3=Kuo |first3=C.-C. Jay |title=2009 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo |chapter=Wireless Multi-party video conferencing with network coding |date=June 2009 |chapter-url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/5202786 |pages=1492–1495 |doi=10.1109/ICME.2009.5202786|isbn=978-1-4244-4290-4 |s2cid=8234088 }}</ref> The performance of [[MPEG-4]] traffic in terms of delay, packet loss, and jitter over wireless networks prone to packet erasures can be improved with RLNC.<ref name=":2" /> In the case of audio streaming over wireless mesh networks, the packet delivery ratio, latency, and jitter performance of the network can be significantly increased when using RLNC instead of packet forwarding-based protocols such as simplified multicast forwarding and partial dominant pruning.<ref name=":3" /> The performance improvements of network coding for video conferencing are not only theoretical. In 2016, the authors of <ref name=":4" /> built a real-world testbed of 15 wireless [[Android (operating system)|Android]] devices to evaluate the feasibility of network-coding-based video conference systems. Their results showed large improvements in packet delivery ratio and overall user experience, especially over poor quality links compared to multicasting technologies based on packet forwarding.
* Software-defined wide area networks ([[SD-WAN]]):<ref name=":5">{{Cite book |last1=Rachuri |first1=Sri Pramodh |last2=Ansari |first2=Ahtisham Ali |last3=Tandur |first3=Deepaknath |last4=Kherani |first4=Arzad A. |last5=Chouksey |first5=Sameer |title=2019 International Conference on contemporary Computing and Informatics (IC3I) |chapter=Network-Coded SD-WAN in Multi-Access Systems for Delay Control |date=December 2019 |chapter-url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9055565 |___location=Singapore, Singapore |publisher=IEEE |pages=32–37 |doi=10.1109/IC3I46837.2019.9055565 |isbn=978-1-7281-5529-6|s2cid=215723197 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Ansari |first1=Ahtisham Ali |last2=Rachuri |first2=Sri Pramodh |last3=Kherani |first3=Arzad A. |last4=Tandur |first4=Deepaknath |title=2019 IEEE International Conference on Advanced Networks and Telecommunications Systems (ANTS) |chapter=An SD-WAN Controller for Delay Jitter Minimization in Coded Multi-access Systems |date=December 2019 |chapter-url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9117981 |pages=1–6 |doi=10.1109/ANTS47819.2019.9117981 |isbn=978-1-7281-3715-5 |s2cid=219853700}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Cite web |title=Steinwurf's next-gen FECs aren't a choice for SD-WAN, they're an imperative. |url=https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/steinwurfs-next-gen-fecs-arent-choice-sd-wan-theyre-videb%C3%A6k-pedersen |access-date=2022-06-06 |website=www.linkedin.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":7">{{Cite web |title=Barracuda Networks optimizes SD-WAN traffic with patented erasure correction technology from Steinwurf |url=https://www.steinwurf.com/blog/barracuda-networks |access-date=2022-06-06 |website=Steinwurf |language=en-GB}}</ref> Large industrial [[Internet of things|IoT]] wireless networks can benefit from network coding. Researchers showed<ref name=":5" /> that network coding and its channel bundling capabilities improved the performance of SD-WANs with a large number of nodes with multiple cellular connections. Nowadays, companies such as [[Barracuda Networks|Barracuda]] are employing RLNC-based solutions due to their advantages in low latency, small footprint on computing devices, and low overhead.<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" />
* Channel bundling:<ref name=":8">{{Cite book |last1=Pedersen |first1=Morten V. |last2=Lucani |first2=Daniel E. |last3=Fitzek |first3=Frank H. P. |last4=Sorensen |first4=Chres W. |last5=Badr |first5=Arash S. |title=2013 IEEE Information Theory Workshop (ITW) |chapter=Network coding designs suited for the real world: What works, what doesn't, what's promising |date=September 2013 |chapter-url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6691231 |___location=Sevilla |publisher=IEEE |pages=1–5 |doi=10.1109/ITW.2013.6691231 |isbn=978-1-4799-1321-3|s2cid=286822 }}</ref> Due to the statelessness characteristics of RLNC, it can be used to efficiently perform channel bundling, i.e., the transmission of information through multiple network interfaces.<ref name=":8" /> Since the coded packets are randomly generated, and the state of the code traverses the network together with the coded packets, a source can achieve bundling without much planning just by sending coded packets through all its network interfaces. The destination can decode the information once enough coded packets arrive, irrespectively of the network interface. A video demonstrating the channel bundling capabilities of RLNC is available at.<ref>{{Citation |title=Channel Bundling Using Random Linear Network Coding |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mTBRdU8Rc-0 |language=en |access-date=2022-06-06}}</ref>
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* Remote collaboration.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Magli |first1=Enrico |last2=Wang |first2=Mea |last3=Frossard |first3=Pascal |last4=Markopoulou |first4=Athina |date=August 2013 |title=Network Coding Meets Multimedia: A Review |url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6416071 |journal=IEEE Transactions on Multimedia |volume=15 |issue=5 |pages=1195–1212 |doi=10.1109/TMM.2013.2241415 |arxiv=1211.4206 |s2cid=3200945 |issn=1520-9210}}</ref>
* [[Augmented reality]] remote support and training.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Torres Vega |first1=Maria |last2=Liaskos |first2=Christos |last3=Abadal |first3=Sergi |last4=Papapetrou |first4=Evangelos |last5=Jain |first5=Akshay |last6=Mouhouche |first6=Belkacem |last7=Kalem |first7=Gökhan |last8=Ergüt |first8=Salih |last9=Mach |first9=Marian |last10=Sabol |first10=Tomas |last11=Cabellos-Aparicio |first11=Albert |date=October 2020 |title=Immersive Interconnected Virtual and Augmented Reality: A 5G and IoT Perspective |url=https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10922-020-09545-w |journal=Journal of Network and Systems Management |language=en |volume=28 |issue=4 |pages=796–826 |doi=10.1007/s10922-020-09545-w |hdl=2117/330129 |s2cid=219589307 |issn=1064-7570|hdl-access=free }}</ref>
* Remote vehicle driving applications.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=De Jonckere |first1=Olivier |last2=Chorin |first2=Jean |last3=Feldmann |first3=Marius |title=2017 6th International Conference on Space Mission Challenges for Information Technology (SMC-IT) |chapter=Simulation Environment for Network Coding Research in Ring Road Networks |date=September 2017 |chapter-url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8227552 |___location=Alcala de Henares |publisher=IEEE |pages=128–131 |doi=10.1109/SMC-IT.2017.29 |isbn=978-1-5386-3462-2|s2cid=6180560 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Jamil |first1=Farhan |last2=Javaid |first2=Anam |last3=Umer |first3=Tariq |last4=Rehmani |first4=Mubashir Husain |date=November 2017 |title=A comprehensive survey of network coding in vehicular ad-hoc networks |url=http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11276-016-1294-z |journal=Wireless Networks |language=en |volume=23 |issue=8 |pages=2395–2414 |doi=10.1007/s11276-016-1294-z |s2cid=13624914 |issn=1022-0038|url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Park |first1=Joon-Sang |last2=Lee |first2=Uichin |last3=Gerla |first3=Mario |date=May 2010 |title=Vehicular communications: emergency video streams and network coding |journal=Journal of Internet Services and Applications |language=en |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=57–68 |doi=10.1007/s13174-010-0006-7 |s2cid=2143201 |issn=1867-4828|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite arXiv |last1=Noor-A-Rahim |first1=Md |last2=Liu |first2=Zilong |last3=Lee |first3=Haeyoung |last4=Khyam |first4=M. Omar |last5=He |first5=Jianhua |last6=Pesch |first6=Dirk |last7=Moessner |first7=Klaus |last8=Saad |first8=Walid |last9=Poor |first9=H. Vincent |date=2022-05-01 |title=6G for Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) Communications: Enabling Technologies, Challenges, and Opportunities |class=cs.IT |eprint=2012.07753}}</ref>
* [[Connected cars]] networks.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Achour |first1=Imen |last2=Bejaoui |first2=Tarek |last3=Busson |first3=Anthony |last4=Tabbane |first4=Sami |title=2017 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops) |chapter=Network Coding scheme behavior in a Vehicle-to-Vehicle safety message dissemination |date=October 2017 |chapter-url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7962697 |___location=Paris, France |publisher=IEEE |pages=441–446 |doi=10.1109/ICCW.2017.7962697 |isbn=978-1-5090-1525-2|s2cid=22423560 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Wang |first1=Shujuan |last2=Lu |first2=Shuguang |last3=Zhang |first3=Qian |date=April 2019 |title=Instantly decodable network coding–assisted data dissemination for prioritized services in vehicular ad hoc networks |journal=International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks |language=en |volume=15 |issue=4 |pages=155014771984213 |doi=10.1177/1550147719842137 |s2cid=145983739 |issn=1550-1477|doi-access=free }}</ref>
* Gaming applications such as low latency streaming and multiplayer connectivity.<ref>{{cite arXiv |last1=Dammak |first1=Marwa |last2=Andriyanova |first2=Iryna |last3=Boujelben |first3=Yassine |last4=Sellami |first4=Noura |date=2018-03-29 |title=Routing and Network Coding over a Cyclic Network for Online Video Gaming |class=cs.IT |eprint=1803.11102 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Lajtha |first1=Balázs |last2=Biczók |first2=Gergely |last3=Szabó |first3=Róbert |title=Networked Services and Applications - Engineering, Control and Management |chapter=Enabling P2P Gaming with Network Coding |date=2010 |editor-last=Aagesen |editor-first=Finn Arve |editor2-last=Knapskog |editor2-first=Svein Johan |series=Lecture Notes in Computer Science |volume=6164 |language=en |___location=Berlin, Heidelberg |publisher=Springer |pages=76–86 |doi=10.1007/978-3-642-13971-0_8 |isbn=978-3-642-13971-0|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{Cite thesis |title=Network coding application for online games platformes |url=https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02284091 |publisher=Université de Cergy Pontoise; École nationale d'ingénieurs de Sfax (Tunisie) |date=2018-11-20 |degree=phdthesis |language=en |first=Marwa |last=Dammak}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |last1=Lajtha |first1=Balázs |title=Enabling P2P Gaming with Network Coding |date=2010 |work=Networked Services and Applications - Engineering, Control and Management |volume=6164 |pages=76–86 |editor-last=Aagesen |editor-first=Finn Arve |place=Berlin, Heidelberg |publisher=Springer Berlin Heidelberg |doi=10.1007/978-3-642-13971-0_8 |isbn=978-3-642-13970-3 |last2=Biczók |first2=Gergely |last3=Szabó |first3=Róbert |series=Lecture Notes in Computer Science |editor2-last=Knapskog |editor2-first=Svein Johan|doi-access=free }}</ref>
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* [[Fourth Industrial Revolution|Industry 4.0]].<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Peralta |first1=Goiuri |last2=Iglesias-Urkia |first2=Markel |last3=Barcelo |first3=Marc |last4=Gomez |first4=Raul |last5=Moran |first5=Adrian |last6=Bilbao |first6=Josu |title=2017 IEEE International Workshop of Electronics, Control, Measurement, Signals and their Application to Mechatronics (ECMSM) |chapter=Fog computing based efficient IoT scheme for the Industry 4.0 |date=May 2017 |chapter-url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7945879 |___location=Donostia, San Sebastian, Spain |publisher=IEEE |pages=1–6 |doi=10.1109/ECMSM.2017.7945879 |isbn=978-1-5090-5582-1|s2cid=37985560 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Peralta |first1=Goiuri |last2=Garrido |first2=Pablo |last3=Bilbao |first3=Josu |last4=Agüero |first4=Ramón |last5=Crespo |first5=Pedro |date=2019-04-08 |title=On the Combination of Multi-Cloud and Network Coding for Cost-Efficient Storage in Industrial Applications |journal=Sensors |language=en |volume=19 |issue=7 |pages=1673 |doi=10.3390/s19071673 |issn=1424-8220 |pmc=6479523 |pmid=30965629|bibcode=2019Senso..19.1673P |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Zverev |first1=Mihail |last2=Agüero |first2=Ramón |last3=Garrido |first3=Pablo |last4=Bilbao |first4=Josu |title=Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on the Internet of Things |chapter=Network Coding for IIoT Multi-Cloud Environments |date=2019-10-22 |chapter-url=https://doi.org/10.1145/3365871.3365903 |series=IoT 2019 |___location=New York, NY, USA |publisher=Association for Computing Machinery |pages=1–4 |doi=10.1145/3365871.3365903 |isbn=978-1-4503-7207-7|s2cid=207940281 }}</ref>
* Satellite networks.<ref>{{Cite web |title=DLR - Institute of Communications and Navigation - NEXT - Network Coding Satellite Experiment |url=https://www.dlr.de/kn/en/desktopdefault.aspx/tabid-12748/22264_read-26607/ |access-date=2022-06-06 |website=www.dlr.de}}</ref>
* Agricultural sensor fields.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Hsu |first1=Hsiao-Tzu |last2=Wang |first2=Tzu-Ming |last3=Kuo |first3=Yuan-Cheng |title=Proceedings of the 2018 2nd International Conference on Education and E-Learning |chapter=Implementation of Agricultural Monitoring System Based on the Internet of Things |date=2018-11-05 |chapter-url=https://doi.org/10.1145/3291078.3291098 |series=ICEEL 2018 |___location=New York, NY, USA |publisher=Association for Computing Machinery |pages=212–216 |doi=10.1145/3291078.3291098 |isbn=978-1-4503-6577-2|s2cid=59337140 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Camilli |first1=Alberto |last2=Cugnasca |first2=Carlos E. |last3=Saraiva |first3=Antonio M. |last4=Hirakawa |first4=André R. |last5=Corrêa |first5=Pedro L. P. |date=2007-08-01 |title=From wireless sensors to field mapping: Anatomy of an application for precision agriculture |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168169907000610 |journal=Computers and Electronics in Agriculture |series=Precision Agriculture in Latin America |language=en |volume=58 |issue=1 |pages=25–36 |doi=10.1016/j.compag.2007.01.019 |issn=0168-1699|url-access=subscription }}</ref>
* In-flight entertainment networks.<ref>{{Cite patent|number=US8401021B2|title=Systems and methods for prioritizing wireless communication of aircraft|gdate=2013-03-19|invent1=Buga|invent2=Trent|inventor1-first=Wladyslaw Jan|inventor2-first=Tracy Raymond|url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US8401021B2/en}}</ref>
* Major security and firmware updates for mobile product families.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Tonyali |first1=Samet |last2=Akkaya |first2=Kemal |last3=Saputro |first3=Nico |last4=Cheng |first4=Xiuzhen |author4-link= Xiuzhen Cheng |title=2017 26th International Conference on Computer Communication and Networks (ICCCN) |chapter=An Attribute & Network Coding-Based Secure Multicast Protocol for Firmware Updates in Smart Grid AMI Networks |date=July 2017 |chapter-url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8038415 |___location=Vancouver, BC, Canada |publisher=IEEE |pages=1–9 |doi=10.1109/ICCCN.2017.8038415 |isbn=978-1-5090-2991-4|s2cid=25131878 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Jalil |first1=Syed Qaisar |last2=Chalup |first2=Stephan |last3=Rehmani |first3=Mubashir Husain |title=Smart Grid and Internet of Things |chapter=A Smart Meter Firmware Update Strategy Through Network Coding for AMI Network |date=2019 |editor-last=Pathan |editor-first=Al-Sakib Khan |editor2-last=Fadlullah |editor2-first=Zubair Md. |editor3-last=Guerroumi |editor3-first=Mohamed |chapter-url=https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-05928-6_7 |series=Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering |volume=256 |language=en |___location=Cham |publisher=Springer International Publishing |pages=68–77 |doi=10.1007/978-3-030-05928-6_7 |isbn=978-3-030-05928-6|s2cid=59561476 }}</ref>
* [[Smart city]] infrastructure.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Kumar |first1=Vaibhav |last2=Cardiff |first2=Barry |last3=Flanagan |first3=Mark F. |title=2017 IEEE 28th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC) |chapter=Physical-layer network coding with multiple antennas: An enabling technology for smart cities |date=October 2017 |chapter-url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8292785 |___location=Montreal, QC |publisher=IEEE |pages=1–6 |doi=10.1109/PIMRC.2017.8292785 |hdl=10197/11114 |isbn=978-1-5386-3529-2|s2cid=748535 |hdl-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{Citation |last1=Darif |first1=Anouar |title=Network Coding for Energy Optimization of SWIMAC in Smart Cities Using WSN Based on IR-UWB |date=2020 |url=http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-030-37629-1_48 |work=Innovations in Smart Cities Applications Edition 3 |pages=663–674 |editor-last=Ben Ahmed |editor-first=Mohamed |place=Cham |publisher=Springer International Publishing |language=en |doi=10.1007/978-3-030-37629-1_48 |isbn=978-3-030-37628-4 |access-date=2022-06-06 |last2=Chaibi |first2=Hasna |last3=Saadane |first3=Rachid |series=Lecture Notes in Intelligent Transportation and Infrastructure |s2cid=214486109 |editor2-last=Boudhir |editor2-first=Anouar Abdelhakim |editor3-last=Santos |editor3-first=Domingos |editor4-last=El Aroussi |editor4-first=Mohamed|url-access=subscription }}</ref>
* [[Information-centric networking]] and [[named data networking]].:<ref name="Bilal, Muhammad 2019 1376–1385">{{cite journal |author=Bilal, Muhammad |display-authors=etal |year=2019 |title=Network-Coding Approach for Information-Centric Networking |journal=IEEE Systems Journal |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=1376–1385 |arxiv=1808.00348 |bibcode=2019ISysJ..13.1376B |doi=10.1109/JSYST.2018.2862913 |s2cid=51894197}}</ref> Linear network coding can improve the network efficiency of information-centric networking solutions by exploiting the multi-source multi-cast nature of such systems.<ref name="Bilal, Muhammad 2019 1376–1385" /> It has been shown, that RLNC can be integrated into distributed content delivery networks such as [[InterPlanetary File System|IPFS]] to increase data availability while reducing storage resources.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Zimmermann |first1=Sandra |last2=Rischke |first2=Justus |last3=Cabrera |first3=Juan A. |last4=Fitzek |first4=Frank H. P. |title=GLOBECOM 2020 - 2020 IEEE Global Communications Conference |chapter=Journey to MARS: Interplanetary Coding for relieving CDNS |date=December 2020 |chapter-url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9322478 |___location=Taipei, Taiwan |publisher=IEEE |pages=1–6 |doi=10.1109/GLOBECOM42002.2020.9322478 |isbn=978-1-7281-8298-8|s2cid=231725197 }}</ref>
* Alternative to [[forward error correction]] and [[automatic repeat request]]s in traditional and wireless networks with packet loss, such as [[Coded TCP]]<ref>{{Cite arXiv |eprint = 1212.2291|last1 = Kim|first1 = Minji|title = Network Coded TCP (CTCP)|class = cs.NI|year = 2012}}</ref> and [[Multi-user ARQ]]<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Larsson |first1=P. |last2=Johansson |first2=N. |title=2006 IEEE 63rd Vehicular Technology Conference |chapter=Multi-User ARQ |date=2006 |chapter-url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1683207 |___location=Melbourne, Australia |publisher=IEEE |volume=4 |pages=2052–2057 |doi=10.1109/VETECS.2006.1683207|isbn=0-7803-9392-9 |s2cid=38823300 }}</ref>
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