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'''Test-driven development''' ('''TDD''') is a way of writing [[source code|code]] that involves writing an [[test automation|automated]] [[unit testing|unit-level]] [[test case]] that fails, then writing just enough code to make the test pass, then [[refactoring]] both the test code and the production code, then repeating with another new test case.
Alternative approaches to writing automated tests is to write all of the production code before starting on the test code or to write all of the test code before starting on the production code. With TsDD, both are written together, therefore shortening debugging time necessities.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Parsa |first1=Saeed |last2=Zakeri-Nasrabadi |first2=Morteza |last3=Turhan |first3=Burak |date=2025-01-01 |title=Testability-driven development: An improvement to the TDD efficiency |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0920548924000461 |journal=Computer Standards & Interfaces |volume=91 |pages=103877 |doi=10.1016/j.csi.2024.103877 |issn=0920-5489|url-access=subscription }}</ref>
TDD is related to the test-first programming concepts of [[extreme programming]], begun in 1999,<ref name="Cworld92">{{cite web |url=http://www.computerworld.com/softwaretopics/software/appdev/story/0,10801,66192,00.html |title=Extreme Programming |author=Lee Copeland |date=December 2001 |publisher=Computerworld |access-date=January 11, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605060209/http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/66192/Extreme_Programming?taxonomyId=063 |archive-date=June 5, 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> but more recently has created more general interest in its own right.<ref name=Newkirk>Newkirk, JW and Vorontsov, AA. ''Test-Driven Development in Microsoft .NET'', Microsoft Press, 2004.</ref>
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# '''Increased Code Volume''': Implementing TDD can result in a larger codebase as tests add to the total amount of code written.
# '''False Security from Tests''': A large number of passing tests can sometimes give a misleading sense of security regarding the code's robustness.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Parsa |first1=Saeed |last2=Zakeri-Nasrabadi |first2=Morteza |last3=Turhan |first3=Burak |date=2025-01-01 |title=Testability-driven development: An improvement to the TDD efficiency |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0920548924000461 |journal=Computer Standards & Interfaces |volume=91 |pages=103877 |doi=10.1016/j.csi.2024.103877 |issn=0920-5489|url-access=subscription }}</ref>
# '''Maintenance Overheads''': Maintaining a large suite of tests can add overhead to the development process.
# '''Time-Consuming Test Processes''': Writing and maintaining tests can be time-consuming.
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