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* ''The Secretariat at UNESCO:'' Provides support services to the International Advisory Committee (IAC) and its subsidiary bodies, and the general administration and monitoring of the Program. It is the contact point of the Program.<ref>{{Cite web |last=UNESCO |title=Secretariat |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/memory-world/secretariat?hub=1081 |access-date=2025-06-23 |website=UNESCO}}</ref>
* The Memory of the World Programme is implemented by UNESCO through ''regional and national committees''. These committees are autonomous from UNESCO and are composed of dedicated local heritage professionals.<ref>{{Cite web |last=UNESCO |title=MoW Committees |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/memory-world/committees?hub=1081 |access-date=2025-06-23 |website=UNESCO}}</ref>
== National and regional registers ==▼
Some national and regional Memory of the World committees maintain their own Memory of the World registers, highlighting documentary heritage of great national or regional importance. National registers include:▼
* [[Brazil Memory of the World Register]]▼
* Canada Memory of the World Register<ref>{{Cite news |last=Monkman |first=Lenard |date=11 September 2019 |title=National Centre for Truth and Reconciliation archives added to UNESCO world register |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/indigenous/national-centre-for-truth-and-reconciliation-archives-added-to-unesco-world-register-1.5280185 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20231205044951/https://www.cbc.ca/news/indigenous/national-centre-for-truth-and-reconciliation-archives-added-to-unesco-world-register-1.5280185 |archive-date=2023-12-05 |access-date=2025-06-17 |work=CBC |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Canada Memory of the World Register |url=https://en.ccunesco.ca/initiatives/memory-of-the-world/canada-memory-of-the-world-register |access-date=2025-06-17 |website=Canadian Commission for UNESCO |language=en}}</ref>▼
* Mexican National Register of the Memory of the World<ref>{{Cite web |last=UNESCO |title=National Register of the Memory of the World incorporates 14 new inscriptions |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/national-register-memory-world-incorporates-14-new-inscriptions |access-date=2025-06-23 |website=UNESCO}}</ref>▼
* [[Memory of the World Aotearoa New Zealand Ngā Mahara o te Ao]]▼
* [[List of Memory of the World Documentary Heritage in the Philippines|Philippines Memory of the World Register]]▼
* [[UK Memory of the World Register]]▼
Regional registers include:▼
* Asia Pacific Regional Register<ref>{{Cite web |last=Memory of the World Committee for Asia and the Pacific |title=MOWCAP Regional Register |url=https://www.mowcapunesco.org/core-activities/regional-register/ |access-date=2025-06-23 |website=Memory of the World Committee for Asia and the Pacific}}</ref>▼
* Latin America and the Caribbean regional register<ref>{{Cite web |title=Memory of the World - Latin America and the Caribbean - List |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/memory-world/lac/list?hub=84793&f%5B0%5D=dataset_filters:fac53f70-c695-4269-b656-c1cedaeedc1b&sort_by=unesco_country_label&sort_order=ASC |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20240901122956/https://www.unesco.org/en/memory-world/lac/list?hub=84793&f%5B0%5D=dataset_filters%3Afac53f70-c695-4269-b656-c1cedaeedc1b&sort_by=unesco_country_label&sort_order=ASC |archive-date=2024-09-01 |access-date=2025-02-03 |website=www.unesco.org |language=en}}</ref>▼
The Asia Pacific Regional Register and the Register for Latin America and the Caribbean<ref>{{Cite web |last=UNESCO |title=Regional Register |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/memory-world/lac/regional-register |access-date=2025-06-23 |website=UNESCO}}</ref> have already honoured important documentary heritage of their regions, while the African Regional Register is currently being established.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Africa Regional Committee of the Memory of the World Programme (ARCMoW) |title=Africa Regional Committee of the Memory of the World Programme (ARCMoW) |url=https://arcmow.org/ |access-date=2025-06-23 |website=Africa Regional Committee of the Memory of the World Programme (ARCMoW)}}</ref> In the Asia-Pacific region, in 2014–2015, there were 18 member nations of [[MOWCAP]] (6 without national committees), while in 2016, there were 16 national MoW committees.<ref name=":0" />▼
==''Jikji'' Prize==▼
[[Image:SelectedTeachingsofBuddhistSagesandSonMasters1377.jpg|thumb|The ''Jikji'', created in 1377, is the earliest known book printed with [[Movable type|movable metal type]].]]▼
The ''Jikji'' Prize was established in 2004 by UNESCO<ref>{{Cite web |last=UNESCO |title=UNESCO/Jikji Memory of the World Prize |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/prizes/jikji?hub=1081 |access-date=2025-06-23 |website=UNESCO}}</ref> in cooperation with the South Korean government to further promote the objectives of the Memory of the World Programme, and to commemorate the 2001 inscription of the country's ''[[Jikji]]'' on the Register.<ref>{{Cite web |last=UNESCO |title=About the Prize |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/prizes/jikji/about?hub=915 |access-date=2025-06-23 |website=UNESCO}}</ref> The award, which includes a cash prize of $30,000 from the Korean government, recognizes institutions that have contributed to the preservation and accessibility of documentary heritage.<ref name="2005_memory">{{cite web |date=2005-06-21 |title=Twenty-nine new documentary collections inscribed on the Memory of the World Register |url=http://portal.unesco.org/en/ev.php-URL_ID=28029&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html |access-date=2009-09-06 |publisher=UNESCO Press}}</ref>▼
The prize has been awarded biannually since 2005 during the meeting of the IAC.<ref name="2005_memory" />▼
===Recipients===▼
* 2007: Phonogrammarchiv of the [[Austrian Academy of Sciences]]▼
* 2009: [[National Archives of Malaysia]] ([[Kuala Lumpur]])<ref>{{cite web | title= UNESCO/Jikji Memory of the World 2009 Prize awarded to National Archives of Malaysia | date= 2009-08-21 | url= http://portal.unesco.org/ci/en/ev.php-URL_ID=29057&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html | archive-url= http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20150314195327/http://portal.unesco.org/ci/en/ev.php-URL_ID=29057&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html | url-status= dead | archive-date= 2015-03-14 | publisher= UNESCO Memory of the World Programme | access-date= 2009-09-07 }}</ref>▼
* 2011: [[National Archives of Australia]]<ref>{{cite web | title= National Archives of Australia to receive UNESCO/Jikji Memory of the World Prize | date= 2011-05-30 | url= http://portal.unesco.org/ci/en/ev.php-URL_ID=31409&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html | archive-date= 2015-03-14 | archive-url= http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20150314182107/http://portal.unesco.org/ci/en/ev.php%2DURL_ID%3D31409%26URL_DO%3DDO_TOPIC%26URL_SECTION%3D201.html | url-status= dead| publisher= UNESCO News Service | access-date= 2012-01-10 }}</ref>▼
* 2013: Apoyo al Desarrollo de Archivos y Bibliotecas ([[Mexico City]])▼
* 2016: Iberarchivos Programme for the Development of Ibero-Ameran Archives▼
* 2018: SAVAMA-DCI (Mali)▼
*2020: [[Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum]] (Cambodia)<ref>{{Cite web |title=UNESCO / Jikji Memory of the World Prize 2020 awarded to the Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum (Cambodia) |date=April 9, 2020 |website=UNESCO |url=https://en.unesco.org/news/unesco-jikji-memory-world-prize-2020-awarded-tuol-sleng-genocide-museum-cambodia |access-date=May 26, 2022}}</ref>▼
*2022: [[AUC Libraries and Learning Technologies|American University in Cairo’s Libraries and Learning Technologies, Rare Books and Special Collection Library in Egypt]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=The American University in Cairo to receive 2022 UNESCO/Jikji Memory of the World Prize {{!}} UNESCO |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/american-university-cairo-receive-2022-unescojikji-memory-world-prize |access-date=2023-01-09 |website=www.unesco.org |language=en}}</ref>▼
*2024: [[National Library of Indonesia]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=The National Library of Indonesia to receive 2024 UNESCO-Jikji Memory of the World Prize |date=September 3, 2024 |website=UNESCO |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/national-library-indonesia-receive-2024-unesco-jikji-memory-world-prize |access-date=November 18, 2024}}</ref>▼
==History==▼
In 1992, the program began as a way to preserve and promote documentary heritage, manuscripts, maps, rock inscriptions, court documents, diplomatic exchanges and more that are deemed to be of such global significance as to transcend the boundaries of time and culture.<ref name="strategy" /> This recorded memory reflects the diversity of languages, people, and cultures.<ref name="2005_memory" /> UNESCO, the world agency responsible for the protection of the world's [[cultural heritage|cultural]] and [[natural heritage]], realized the need to protect such fragile yet important component of cultural heritage. The Memory of the World Programme was established to facilitate the preservation of, universal access to, and public awareness about humanity's documentary heritage.<ref name="2007_memory">{{cite web |author=Jasmina Sopova |date=2007-06-20 |title=Thirty-eight new inscriptions for Memory of the World Register |url=http://portal.unesco.org/en/ev.php-URL_ID=38423&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091111132741/http://portal.unesco.org/en/ev.php-URL_ID%3D38423%26URL_DO%3DDO_TOPIC%26URL_SECTION%3D201.html |archive-date=2009-11-11 |access-date=2009-09-06 |publisher=UNESCO Press}}</ref>▼
{{blockquote|People the world over are creating [memories] in forms that are less and less permanent—be it sound recordings, film, videotape, newsprint, photographs, or computer-based documents. It must be said that the output of the present century alone is probably greater than the total output of all previous centuries put together; and ironically and tragically, it is being lost faster than ever before. It is a tragedy indeed, for what is at stake is the recorded memory of mankind.|Dato’ Habibah Zon, Director-General of the National Archives of Malaysia|introduction from<br>''UNESCO MEMORY OF THE WORLD PROGRAMME: The Asia-Pacific Strategy'', 17 April 1999<ref name=strategy />}}▼
Regular meetings were held by the IAC in its interim capacity beginning in 1993, culminating in the creation of the Memory of the World International Register during its second meeting in 1995,<ref name="strategy" /><ref name="1997_report" /> with the first inscriptions on the register in 1997, after the statutes that created the IAC as a standing committee took effect.<ref name="1999_report">{{cite web |date=July 1999 |title=Fourth meeting of the International Advisory Committee of the Memory of the World Programme, Vienna, 10-12 June 1999: final report |url=https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000116830 |access-date=2025-06-17 |publisher=UNESCO Memory of the World Programme}}</ref>▼
===Memory of the World IAC meetings===
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| style="text-align:center;" | 1993<br /><small>Sept 12–14</small>
| [[Pułtusk]], Poland
| [[Jean-Pierre Wallot]] (Canada)<ref name="1999_report" />
▲| [[Jean-Pierre Wallot]] (Canada)<ref name="1999_report">{{cite web |date=July 1999 |title=Fourth meeting of the International Advisory Committee of the Memory of the World Programme, Vienna, 10-12 June 1999: final report |url=https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000116830 |access-date=2025-06-17 |publisher=UNESCO Memory of the World Programme}}</ref>
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| style="text-align:center;" | <ref name="2001_report">{{cite web |title=Fifth Meeting of the International Advisory Committee of the Memory of the World Programme |url=https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000123628 |access-date=2025-03-03 |publisher=UNESCO}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | 6th
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| style="text-align:center;" | <ref name="2003_memory" /><ref name="2003_report">{{cite web |title=Sixth Meeting of the International Advisory Committee of the Memory of the World Programme |url=https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000234017 |access-date=2025-03-03 |publisher=UNESCO}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | 7th
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| style="text-align:center;" | <ref name="2005_memory" /><ref name="2005_report" />
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | 8th
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| style="text-align:center;" | <ref name="2007_memory"
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | 9th
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| style="text-align:center;" | 55
| style="text-align:center;" | 35
| style="text-align:center;" | <ref name="2009_memory">{{cite web |author=Joie Springer |date=2007-06-20 |title=Thirty-eight new inscriptions for Memory of the World Register |url=http://portal.unesco.org/ci/en/ev.php-URL_ID=24786&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20150314182231/http://portal.unesco.org/ci/en/ev.php-URL_ID=24786&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html |archive-date=2015-03-14 |access-date=2009-09-06 |publisher=UNESCO Press}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=December 2009 |title=9th Meeting of the International Advisory Committee of the Memory of the World Programme, Christ Church, Barbados, 29-31 July 2009: report
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | 10th
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| style="text-align:center;" | <ref name="2011_report">{{cite web |year=2011 |title=10th Meeting of the International Advisory Committee Memory of the World Programme Manchester, United Kingdom, 22–25 May 2011 Report |url=https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000234043 |access-date=2025-03-03 |publisher=UNESCO}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | 11th
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| style="text-align:center;" | <ref name="2013_report">{{cite web |year=2013 |title=54 new inscriptions on UNESCO Memory of the World Register |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/54-new-inscriptions-unesco-memory-world-register |access-date=2025-06-17 |publisher=UNESCO Memory of the World Programme}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | 12th
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| style="text-align:center;" | <ref name="2015_report">{{cite web |date=October 2015 |title=12th Meeting of the International Advisory Committee of the Memory of the World Programme, 4-6 October 2015, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates: final report |url=https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000265143 |access-date=2025-03-03 |website=unesdoc.unesco.org}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | 13th
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| style="text-align:center;" | <ref name="2017_report">{{cite web |date=November 2017 |title=Report of 13th Meeting of the International Advisory Committee (IAC), UNESCO, Paris, 24-27 October 2017 |url=https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000265145 |access-date=2025-06-17 |website=unesdoc.unesco.org}}</ref>
|-
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| style="text-align:center;" | <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 March 2025 |title=Nominations of new items of documentary heritage to be inscribed on the Memory of the World International Register: list of nominations
|}
▲== National and regional registers ==
▲Some national and regional Memory of the World committees maintain their own Memory of the World registers, highlighting documentary heritage of great national or regional importance. National registers include:
▲* [[Brazil Memory of the World Register]]
▲* Canada Memory of the World Register<ref>{{Cite news |last=Monkman |first=Lenard |date=11 September 2019 |title=National Centre for Truth and Reconciliation archives added to UNESCO world register |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/indigenous/national-centre-for-truth-and-reconciliation-archives-added-to-unesco-world-register-1.5280185 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20231205044951/https://www.cbc.ca/news/indigenous/national-centre-for-truth-and-reconciliation-archives-added-to-unesco-world-register-1.5280185 |archive-date=2023-12-05 |access-date=2025-06-17 |work=CBC |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Canada Memory of the World Register |url=https://en.ccunesco.ca/initiatives/memory-of-the-world/canada-memory-of-the-world-register |access-date=2025-06-17 |website=Canadian Commission for UNESCO |language=en}}</ref>
▲* Mexican National Register of the Memory of the World<ref>{{Cite web |last=UNESCO |title=National Register of the Memory of the World incorporates 14 new inscriptions |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/national-register-memory-world-incorporates-14-new-inscriptions |access-date=2025-06-23 |website=UNESCO}}</ref>
▲* [[Memory of the World Aotearoa New Zealand Ngā Mahara o te Ao]]
▲* [[List of Memory of the World Documentary Heritage in the Philippines|Philippines Memory of the World Register]]
▲* [[UK Memory of the World Register]]
▲Regional registers include:
▲* Asia Pacific Regional Register<ref>{{Cite web |last=Memory of the World Committee for Asia and the Pacific |title=MOWCAP Regional Register |url=https://www.mowcapunesco.org/core-activities/regional-register/ |access-date=2025-06-23 |website=Memory of the World Committee for Asia and the Pacific}}</ref>
▲* Latin America and the Caribbean regional register<ref>{{Cite web |title=Memory of the World - Latin America and the Caribbean - List |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/memory-world/lac/list?hub=84793&f%5B0%5D=dataset_filters:fac53f70-c695-4269-b656-c1cedaeedc1b&sort_by=unesco_country_label&sort_order=ASC |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20240901122956/https://www.unesco.org/en/memory-world/lac/list?hub=84793&f%5B0%5D=dataset_filters%3Afac53f70-c695-4269-b656-c1cedaeedc1b&sort_by=unesco_country_label&sort_order=ASC |archive-date=2024-09-01 |access-date=2025-02-03 |website=www.unesco.org |language=en}}</ref>
▲The Asia Pacific Regional Register and the Register for Latin America and the Caribbean<ref>{{Cite web |last=UNESCO |title=Regional Register |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/memory-world/lac/regional-register |access-date=2025-06-23 |website=UNESCO}}</ref> have already honoured important documentary heritage of their regions, while the African Regional Register is currently being established.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Africa Regional Committee of the Memory of the World Programme (ARCMoW) |title=Africa Regional Committee of the Memory of the World Programme (ARCMoW) |url=https://arcmow.org/ |access-date=2025-06-23 |website=Africa Regional Committee of the Memory of the World Programme (ARCMoW)}}</ref> In the Asia-Pacific region, in 2014–2015, there were 18 member nations of [[MOWCAP]] (6 without national committees), while in 2016, there were 16 national MoW committees.<ref name=":0" />
▲==''Jikji'' Prize==
▲[[Image:SelectedTeachingsofBuddhistSagesandSonMasters1377.jpg|thumb|The ''Jikji'', created in 1377, is the earliest known book printed with [[Movable type|movable metal type]].]]
▲The ''Jikji'' Prize was established in 2004 by UNESCO<ref>{{Cite web |last=UNESCO |title=UNESCO/Jikji Memory of the World Prize |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/prizes/jikji?hub=1081 |access-date=2025-06-23 |website=UNESCO}}</ref> in cooperation with the South Korean government to further promote the objectives of the Memory of the World Programme, and to commemorate the 2001 inscription of the country's ''[[Jikji]]'' on the Register.<ref>{{Cite web |last=UNESCO |title=About the Prize |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/prizes/jikji/about?hub=915 |access-date=2025-06-23 |website=UNESCO}}</ref> The award, which includes a cash prize of $30,000 from the Korean government, recognizes institutions that have contributed to the preservation and accessibility of documentary heritage.<ref name="2005_memory" />
▲The prize has been awarded biannually since 2005 during the meeting of the IAC.<ref name="2005_memory" />
▲===Recipients===
▲* 2007: Phonogrammarchiv of the [[Austrian Academy of Sciences]]
▲* 2009: [[National Archives of Malaysia]] ([[Kuala Lumpur]])<ref>{{cite web | title= UNESCO/Jikji Memory of the World 2009 Prize awarded to National Archives of Malaysia | date= 2009-08-21 | url= http://portal.unesco.org/ci/en/ev.php-URL_ID=29057&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html | archive-url= http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20150314195327/http://portal.unesco.org/ci/en/ev.php-URL_ID=29057&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html | url-status= dead | archive-date= 2015-03-14 | publisher= UNESCO Memory of the World Programme | access-date= 2009-09-07 }}</ref>
▲* 2011: [[National Archives of Australia]]<ref>{{cite web | title= National Archives of Australia to receive UNESCO/Jikji Memory of the World Prize | date= 2011-05-30 | url= http://portal.unesco.org/ci/en/ev.php-URL_ID=31409&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html | archive-date= 2015-03-14 | archive-url= http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20150314182107/http://portal.unesco.org/ci/en/ev.php%2DURL_ID%3D31409%26URL_DO%3DDO_TOPIC%26URL_SECTION%3D201.html | url-status= dead| publisher= UNESCO News Service | access-date= 2012-01-10 }}</ref>
▲* 2013: Apoyo al Desarrollo de Archivos y Bibliotecas ([[Mexico City]])
▲* 2016: Iberarchivos Programme for the Development of Ibero-Ameran Archives
▲* 2018: SAVAMA-DCI (Mali)
▲*2020: [[Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum]] (Cambodia)<ref>{{Cite web |title=UNESCO / Jikji Memory of the World Prize 2020 awarded to the Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum (Cambodia) |date=April 9, 2020 |website=UNESCO |url=https://en.unesco.org/news/unesco-jikji-memory-world-prize-2020-awarded-tuol-sleng-genocide-museum-cambodia |access-date=May 26, 2022}}</ref>
▲*2022: [[AUC Libraries and Learning Technologies|American University in Cairo’s Libraries and Learning Technologies, Rare Books and Special Collection Library in Egypt]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=The American University in Cairo to receive 2022 UNESCO/Jikji Memory of the World Prize {{!}} UNESCO |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/american-university-cairo-receive-2022-unescojikji-memory-world-prize |access-date=2023-01-09 |website=www.unesco.org |language=en}}</ref>
▲*2024: [[National Library of Indonesia]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=The National Library of Indonesia to receive 2024 UNESCO-Jikji Memory of the World Prize |date=September 3, 2024 |website=UNESCO |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/national-library-indonesia-receive-2024-unesco-jikji-memory-world-prize |access-date=November 18, 2024}}</ref>
▲==History==
▲In 1992, the program began as a way to preserve and promote documentary heritage, manuscripts, maps, rock inscriptions, court documents, diplomatic exchanges and more that are deemed to be of such global significance as to transcend the boundaries of time and culture.<ref name="strategy" /> This recorded memory reflects the diversity of languages, people, and cultures.<ref name="2005_memory" /> UNESCO, the world agency responsible for the protection of the world's [[cultural heritage|cultural]] and [[natural heritage]], realized the need to protect such fragile yet important component of cultural heritage. The Memory of the World Programme was established to facilitate the preservation of, universal access to, and public awareness about humanity's documentary heritage.<ref name="2007_memory" />
▲{{blockquote|People the world over are creating [memories] in forms that are less and less permanent—be it sound recordings, film, videotape, newsprint, photographs, or computer-based documents. It must be said that the output of the present century alone is probably greater than the total output of all previous centuries put together; and ironically and tragically, it is being lost faster than ever before. It is a tragedy indeed, for what is at stake is the recorded memory of mankind.|Dato’ Habibah Zon, Director-General of the National Archives of Malaysia|introduction from<br>''UNESCO MEMORY OF THE WORLD PROGRAMME: The Asia-Pacific Strategy'', 17 April 1999<ref name=strategy />}}
▲Regular meetings were held by the IAC in its interim capacity beginning in 1993, culminating in the creation of the Memory of the World International Register during its second meeting in 1995,<ref name="strategy" /><ref name="1997_report" /> with the first inscriptions on the register in 1997, after the statutes that created the IAC as a standing committee took effect.<ref name="1999_report" />
== See also ==
| |||