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There are many standard systems of library classification in use, and many more have been proposed over the years. However, in general, classification systems can be divided into three types depending on how they are used:
; Universal schemes: Covers all subjects, e.g. the [[Dewey Decimal Classification]] (DDC), [[Universal Decimal Classification]] (UDC
; Specific classification schemes: Covers particular subjects or types of materials, e.g. [[Iconclass]] (art), [[British Catalogue of Music Classification]], and [[Dickinson classification]] (music), or the [[NLM Classification]] (medicine).
; National schemes: Specially created for certain countries, e.g. [[Swedish library classification system]], SAB (Sveriges Allmänna Biblioteksförening). The [[Library of Congress Classification]] was designed around the collection of the US [[Library of Congress]] and has an American, European, and Christian bias. Nevertheless, it is used widely in large academic and research libraries.
In terms of functionality, classification systems are often described as:
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