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Further, because C and C++ expose pointers and references directly, there is a distinction between whether the pointer itself is constant, and whether the data pointed to by the pointer is constant. Applying <code>const</code> to a pointer itself, as in <code>SomeClass* const ptr</code>, means that the contents being referenced can be modified, but the reference itself cannot (without casting). This usage results in behaviour which mimics the behaviour of a <code>final</code> variable reference in Java. By contrast, when applying const to the referenced data only, as in <code>const SomeClass* ptr</code>, the contents cannot be modified (without casting), but the reference itself can. Both the reference and the contents being referenced can be declared as <code>const</code>.
In C++, the <code>final</code> keyword is used to denote that a function cannot be further overridden. It is also used similarly to Java to declare a class as final (cannot be extended)
<syntaxhighlight lang="C++">
// final in a class declaration declares that a class cannot be extended
class Z final : public X, public Y {
public:
// final in a method signature declares that a method cannot be overridden further
void someOperation() override final {
// do something here
}
};
</syntaxhighlight>
==C# analogs for final keyword ==
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