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=== Manufacturing ===
The Manufacturing Common Data Model is a ___domain- oriented schema for standardizing data structures. It harmonizes shop floor events and enterprise records by mapping equipment, material, batch and order entities to the hierarchical object classes defined in [[ISA-95]] and, for production processes, [[ISA-88]].<ref>[https://www.isa.org/isa95 ISA-95: Enterprise–Control System Integration – International Society of Automation]</ref> Each ___domain (such as Production, Quality, Maintenance, Supply Chain) owns its own CDM; the structure of every table and field is enforced through data contracts, which are validated at the plant’s [[Edge Intelligence Hub]] before data is published to the Unified Namespace and persisted in a governed [[Unified Data Layer]] (a [[lakehouse]] and access layer for harmonized CDM tables with full lineage).<ref>[https://umda.info/framework-details/#cdm UMDA Specification]</ref> By standardizing attribute names, units of measure (e.g., gph, meters) and reference codes such as [[GS1]] GTIN, the model allows [[MQTT]] / [[OPC UA]] telemetry to be joined consistently with [[Manufacturing Execution System|MES]], [[Laboratory Information Management System|LIMS]], [[Computerized Maintenance Management System|CMMS]] and [[Enterprise Resource Planning|ERP]] data, enabling [[Agentic AI|AI agents]] to query any site with uniform semantics while maintaining full lineage for [[Title 21 CFR Part 11]] and EU-GMP Annex 11 compliance.<ref>[https://www.gmp-compliance.org/gmp-news/revision-of-the-eu-gmp-guide-annex-11-computerised-systems-presentation-of-concept-paper GMP Standards for Computerized Systems]</ref>
Each ___domain (Production, Quality, Maintenance, Supply Chain) owns its own CDM; the structure of every table and field is enforced through data contracts, which are validated at the plant’s Edge Intelligence Hub before data is published to the Unified Namespace and persisted in a governed [[lakehouse]] layer.<ref>[https://umda.info/framework-details/#cdm UMDA Specification]</ref>
By standardizing attribute names, units of measure (e.g. SI, ISA-100), and reference codes such as [[GS1]] GTIN, the model allows [[MQTT]] / [[OPC UA]] telemetry to be joined consistently with [[Manufacturing Execution System|MES]], [[LIMS]], [[CMMS]], and [[Enterprise Resource Planning|ERP]] data, enabling AI agents to query any site with uniform semantics while maintaining full lineage for [[Title 21 CFR Part 11]] and EU-GMP Annex 11 compliance.<ref>[https://www.gmp-compliance.org/gmp-news/eu-gmp-annex-11-update EU GMP Annex 11 – Computerized Systems]</ref>
=== Microsoft Common Data Model ===
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