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In the spring of 1830, the city government of Paris decided to install the first public urinals on the major boulevards, with them being ready for the summer. In July that same year however, many were destroyed and used as street barricades during the [[July Revolution|French Revolution of 1830]].<ref name=":1">{{Citation |title=Pissoir |date=2023-06-13 |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pissoir&oldid=1159870574 |work=Wikipedia |access-date=2023-08-28 |language=en}}</ref>
In 1832, a [[cholera]] [[epidemic]] spread from Britain to Paris, killing 18,500 people (or roughly 2% of the city's population at the time) in 169 days. Among the dead was the [[Prime Minister of France|French Prime Minister]] [[Casimir Pierre Périer]]. The epidemic also brought Paris' economy to a standstill, with those who could flee doing so and anyone who stayed adopting futile measures to protect themselves from it.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-04-27 |title=Pandemic Lessons From the Era of ‘Les Miserables’ |language=en |work=Bloomberg.com |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2021-04-27/how-paris-transformed-after-cholera |access-date=2023-08-28}}</ref>
In 1839 the ''[[Prefect (France)|Préfet]] de la [[Seine (department)|Seine]],'' [[Claude-Philibert Barthelot de Rambuteau|Claude-Philibert de Rambuteau]], began installing over 400 [[pissoir]]s in an effort to fix the sanitation issues in Paris while also working to improve the water supply to the city, to enlarge the Paris sewer system and to install [[gas lighting]] in the city. The pissoirs that were installed at the time were simple, single-person masonry tubes with an entrance cut into the street side and a cornice and ball above. Despite these efforts, public urination continued to be an issue, with Parisians still relieving themselves "en plein air" according to an April 1843 column in the ''[[Gazette Municipale]]''.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=blindfieldcollective |date=2017-04-20 |title=Patenting The Pissoir: Queer Bodies and Proprietary Technologies |url=https://blindfieldjournal.com/2017/04/20/patenting-the-pissoir-queer-bodies-and-proprietary-technologies/ |access-date=2023-08-28 |language=en}}</ref>
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