Language isolate: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 12:55, 26 July 2025

Revision as of 12:59, 26 July 2025

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|12

| data-sort-value=4 | Moribund

| rowspan="32" |[[United States]]

| Spoken along the [[Klamath River]] in northwestern [[California]]. Part of the [[Hokan languages|Hokan]] hypothesis, but little evidence for this.<ref name="AmerIndLang-Campbell" />

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| data-sort-value=3 |Endangered

|Spoken in several pueblos throughout [[New Mexico]], including [[Cochiti, New Mexico|Cochiti]] and [[Acoma Pueblo|Acoma]] Pueblos. Has two main dialects: Eastern and Western. Sometimes those two dialects are separated into languages in a Keresan family.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Miller |first1=Wick |title=Proto-Keresan Phonology |journal=International Journal of American Linguistics |date=1963 |volume=29 |issue=4 |pages=310–330 |doi=10.1086/464748 |s2cid=143519987 |url=https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/464748 |access-date=11 February 2021|url-access=subscription }}</ref>

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| [[Konkow language|Konkow]]

|3

| data-sort-value=4 rowspan="2" | Moribund

|Spoken in [[California]] in the [[United States]]. Also known as ''Northwest Maidu''. The last surviving member of the [[Maiduan languages|Maiduan language family]] after the other languages went extinct by 2000. Part of the [[Penutian languages|Penutian]] hypothesis.

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| [[Kutenai language|Kutenai]]

|345

| data-sort-value=4 rowspan="2" | Moribund

|[[Canada]], [[United States]]

| Spoken in the [[Rocky Mountains|Rockies]] of northeastern [[Idaho]], northwestern [[Montana]] and southeastern [[British Columbia]]. Attempts have been made to place it in a Macro-Algic or Macro-Salishan family, but these have not gained significant support.<ref name="AmerIndLang-Campbell" />

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| [[Siuslaw language|Siuslaw]]

| style="text-align: center;" colspan="2" rowspan="35" |Extinct

| rowspan="39" | [[United States]]

| Spoken on the southwest coast of [[Oregon]] until 1960. Likely related to [[Alsea language|Alsea]], [[Coosan languages]], or possibly the [[Wintuan languages]]. Part of the [[Penutian]] hypothesis.<ref name="journals.uchicago.edu"/>

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| [[Timucua language|Timucua]]

| Well attested. Spoken in northern [[Florida]] and southern [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]] until the mid- to late 1700s. Briefly spoken in Cuba by a migrant community established in 1763. A connection with the poorly known [[Tawasa language]] has been suggested, but this may be a dialect.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Granberry |first1=Julian |title=A grammatical sketch of Timucua |journal=International Journal of American Linguistics |year=1990 |volume=56 |issue=1 |pages=60–101 |doi=10.1086/466138 |s2cid=143759206 |url=https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/pdf/10.1086/466138|url-access=subscription }}</ref>

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| [[Tol language|Tol]]

|500

| data-sort-value=3 | Endangered

|[[Honduras]]

| Spoken in [[La Montaña de la Flor]] reservation in [[Francisco Morazán Department]] in [[Honduras]]. The only surviving member of the [[Jicaquean languages|Jicaquean]] language family. Language isolate since the [[Western Jicaque language]] went extinct after the 19th century. Part of the [[Hokan languages|Hokan]] hypothesis.

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| [[Tonkawa language|Tonkawa]]

| style="text-align: center;" colspan="2" rowspan="2" |Extinct

| rowspan="6" | [[United States]]

| Spoken in central and northern [[Texas]] until the early 1940s.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Frawley |first=William |title=International encyclopedia of linguistics |date=2003 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=9780195307450 |edition=2nd |___location=New York, NY |oclc=66910002}}</ref>

|-