Language isolate: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 12:59, 26 July 2025

Revision as of 13:06, 26 July 2025

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| [[Canichana language|Canichana]]

| style="text-align: center;" colspan="2" |Extinct

| rowspan="43" | [[Bolivia]]

| Spoken in the [[Llanos de Moxos]] region of [[Beni Department]] until around 2000. Connections with various language families have been proposed, none widely accepted.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Crevils |first1=Mily |title=Tomo II: Amazonia – Canichana |url=https://www.ru.nl/cls/our-research/completed-research-projects/completed-projects/lenguas-de-bolivia-es/lenguas-de-bolivia/tomo-ii-amazonia/ |website=Lenguas de Bolivia |publisher=Centre for Language Studies-Radboud University |access-date=19 February 2021}}</ref>

|-

Line 574:

| data-sort-value=2 |Vulnerable

|Spoken along the Beni river in [[Beni Department]]. Also spelled Tsimané. Sometimes split into multiple languages in a Moséten family. Linked to the [[Chonan languages]] in a [[Moseten–Chonan languages|Moseten-Chonan]] hypothesis.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Sakel |first1=Jeanette |title=Tomo I: Ámbito andino – Mosetén y Chimane (Tsimane') |url=https://www.ru.nl/cls/our-research/completed-research-projects/completed-projects/lenguas-de-bolivia-es/lenguas-de-bolivia/tomo-ambito-andino/|website=Lenguas de Bolivia |publisher=Centre for Language Studies-Radboud University |access-date=19 February 2021}}</ref>

|-

|[[Chipaya language|Chipaya]]

|1,800

| data-sort-value=1 |Vibrant

|Spoken in the southern area of [[Lake Titicaca]] along the [[Desaguadero River (Bolivia and Peru)|Desaguadero River]] in the mountains of [[Bolivia]] and mainly in the town of [[Chipaya (village)|Chipaya]] located in the [[Sabaya Province]] of the Bolivian department of [[Oruro Department|Oruro]]. The only surviving member of the [[Uru–Chipaya languages|Uru–Chipaya]] language family. Language isolate since 2012 after the [[Uru language]] went extinct.

|-

|[[Chiquitano language|Chiquitano]]

Line 627 ⟶ 622:

|[[Kanoê language|Kanoê]]

|3

| data-sort-value=4 rowspan="2" | Moribund

| [[Brazil]]

| Spoken in southeastern [[Rondônia]]. Also known as ''Kapishana''. Tentatively linked to [[Kwaza language|Kwaza]] and [[Aikanã language|Aikanã]].<ref name="Voort, Hein 2005"/> Part of a [[Macro-Paesan languages|Macro-Paesan]] proposal.<ref name="Kaufman, Terrence 1994">Kaufman, Terrence. 1994. The native languages of South America. In: Christopher Moseley and R. E. Asher (eds.), ''Atlas of the World's Languages'', 59–93. London: Routledge.</ref>

|-

| [[Kawésqar language|Kawésqar]]

|10

| rowspan="2" | [[Chile]]

| Spoken in western [[Patagonia]], [[Wellington Island]] off south Chilean coast, 49° south, with centre in [[Villa Puerto Edén]] located in [[Chile]]. Also known as ''Alacaluf''. The only alive member of the [[Alacalufan languages|Alacalufan language family]] after the other languages went extinct, of which the Kawésqar language is the northern variety.

|-

| [[Kunza language|Kunza]]

| style="text-align: center;" colspan="2" |Extinct

| rowspan="2" | [[Chile]]

| Spoken in areas near [[Salar de Atacama]] until the 1950s. Also known as ''Atacameño''. Part of a [[Macro-Paesan languages|Macro-Paesan]] proposal.<ref name="Kaufman, Terrence 1994"/>

|-

Line 735 ⟶ 726:

| style="text-align: center;" colspan="2" |Extinct

| Spoken in the central part of [[Department of Loreto|Loreto]] until the 1950s. Also known as [[Auishiri]]. A connection with [[Canichana language|Canichana]] has been proposed.{{citation needed|date=February 2021}}

|-

| [[Timote language|Timote]]

|200

| Endangered

| [[Venezuela]]

| Spoken around the city of [[Mérida, Mérida|Mérida]] and south of [[Lake Maracaibo]] in [[Venezuela]]. Last surviving member of the [[Timotean languages|Timotean language family]].

|-

| [[Tinigua language|Tinigua]]

|1

| data-sort-value=4 rowspan="2" | Moribund

| [[Colombia]]

| Spoken somewhere in [[Colombia]]. The only surviving member of the [[Tiniguan languages|Tiniguan language family]].

|-

| [[Trumai language|Trumai]]

|51

| data-sort-value=14 |Vibrant Moribund

| [[Brazil]]

| Settled on the upper Xingu River. Currently reside in the [[Xingu National Park]] in the northern part of [[Mato Grosso]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Angelis |first1=Wimar |title="Línguas Indígenas no Brasil: urgência de ações para que sobrevivam." Paper presented at the round table: "A situação atual das línguas indígenas brasileiras", no IX ELESI – Encontro sobre Leitura e Escrita em Sociedades Indígenas (Porto Seguro, BA, 22 a 26 de outubro de 2012). Publicada em: Anari Braz Bomfim & Francisco Vanderlei F. da Costa (orgs), Revitalização de língua indígena e educação escolar indígena inclusiva (Salvador: Egba, 2014, p. 93-117).|url=https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/58350913/Linguas_Indigenas_-_para_que_sobrevivam.pdf?1549532226=&response-content-disposition=inline%3B+filename%3DLinguas_Indigenas_no_Brasil_urgencia_de.pdf&Expires=1614430091&Signature=Pcis05y7U0nTc4oEfbeoIF5iGR3zzkzWpARPSQOnHq2kZfRPoV2RDQcSTscjKcquVKFEq5fB2Ly6DKezbbp8nIygMST3IjG36BaxxDR9W-35oYGwKst5EpcURqAS7Jzx0mO57IWerkAWByK6uu2SO-T7l1NYUu-WdzkhL~Y~tYIjhPk8ovsxIiFw42AMDpbNlEYvVU~Rx7QXDro7~faYRrzVaWSdjhViCIEWaMEXGshLvjKPUIrBIVXjo48O19FiDZIY2P0B0Lu3ajzRkwMPz0LPOn7Nb9qNCAQoKNCHqO1Wgg6-FOHHZjtV0p8yEvHTMJzQFcxHHP01MCh8FLdFyg__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA |access-date=27 February 2021}}{{dead link|date=May 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>

Line 769 ⟶ 749:

| [[Guyana]], [[Suriname]] and [[Venezuela]]

| Spoken in the [[Orinoco Delta]]. Sometimes linked to [[Paezan languages|Paezan]].<ref name="Kaufman, Terrence 1994"/>

|-

| [[Yagua language|Yagua]]

|5,700

| data-sort-value=1 | Vibrant

| [[Peru]], [[Colombia]]

| Spoken primarily in [[Department of Loreto|Loreto Department]], [[Peru]]. The only surviving member of the [[Peba–Yaguan languages|Peba–Yaguan]] language family.

|-

| [[Yahgan language|Yahgan]]