Expanded Program on Immunization (Philippines): Difference between revisions

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! Minimum Age <br />at 1st Dose
! Number <br />of Doses
! Dose
! Minimum Interval Between Doses
! Route
! Site
! Reason
|-
Line 19 ⟶ 22:
| <center>Birth or anytime after birth</center>
| <center>1</center>
| <center>0.5 mL</center>
| <center>--</center>
| <center>Intradermal</center>
| Right deltoid region of the arm
| BCG given at earliest possible age protects the possibility of TB meningitis and other TB infections in which infants are prone<ref name='PMID: 15628980'> {{cite journal|title=Protective effect of neonatal BCG vaccines against tuberculous meningitis.|journal=Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences|date=2004-02|first=S.|last=Puvacic|coauthors=|volume=4|issue=1|pages=46-9|id= |url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?itool=abstractplus&db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=abstractplus&list_uids=15628980|format=|accessdate=2007-05-11}}</ref>
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Line 25 ⟶ 31:
| <center>6 weeks</center>
| <center>3</center>
| <center>0.5 mL</center>
| <center>4 weeks</center>
| <center>Intramuscularl</center>
| Upper outer portion of the thigh
| An early start with DPT reduces the chance of severe pertussis<ref> {{cite journal|title=Immunisation | journal=Dialogue on Diarrhoea Online | date=1987 | issue=30 | pages=1-6 |url=http://rehydrate.org/dd/su30.htm | accessdate=2007-05-11}}</ref>.
|-
Line 31 ⟶ 40:
| <center>6 weeks</center>
| <center>3</center>
| <center>2 drops</center>
| <center>4 weeks</center>
| <center>Oral</center>
| Mouth
| The extent of protection against polio is increased the earlier the OPV is given. <br />Keeps the Philippines polio-free<ref> {{cite journal|title=Public Health Dispatch: Acute Flaccid Paralysis Associated with Circulating Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus --- Philippines, 2001|journal=Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report|date=2001-10-12|first=|last=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|coauthors=|volume=50|issue=40|pages=874-5|id= |url=http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5040a3.htm|format=|accessdate=2007-05-11}}</ref>.
|-
Line 37 ⟶ 49:
| <center>At birth</center>
| <center>3</center>
| <center>0.5 mL</center>
| <center>6 weeks interval from <br />1st dose to 2nd dose, <br />
8 weeks interval from <br />2nd dose to third dose.</center>
| <center>Intramuscular</center>
| Upper outer portion of the thigh
| An early start of Hepatitis B vaccine reduces the chance of being infected and becoming a carrier<ref> {{cite journal|title=Effects of Universal Vaccination for Hepatitis B|journal=Annals of Internal Medicine|date=2001-11-06|first=Y. H.|last=Ni|coauthors=M.H. Chang, L.M. Huang, H.L. Chen, H.Y. Hsu, T.Y. Chiu, K.S. Tsai, and D.S. Chen|volume=135|issue=9|pages=S53|id= |url=http://www.annals.org/cgi/content/summary/135/9/796|format=|accessdate=2007-05-12}}</ref>. <br /> Prevents liver cirrhosis and liver cancer which are more likely to develop if infected with Hepatitis B early in life<ref> {{cite web|url=http://www.chop.edu/consumer/jsp/division/generic.jsp?id=75730 |title=A Look at Each Vaccine: Hepatitis B Vaccine |accessdate=2007-05-11 |work=Vaccine Education Center |publisher=The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia }}</ref> <ref name='PMID: 9197213'> {{cite journal|title=Universal hepatitis B vaccination in Taiwan and the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in children. Taiwan Childhood Hepatoma Study Group.|journal=The New England Journal of Medicine|date=1997-06-26|first=MH|last=Chang|coauthors=C.J. Chen, M.S. Lai, H.M. Hsu, T.C. Wu, M.S. Kong, D.C. Liang, W.Y. Shau, D.S. Chen|volume=336|issue=26|pages=1906-7|id= |url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Retrieve&list_uids=9197213&dopt=Abstract|format=|accessdate=2007-05-12}}</ref>. <br />About 9,000 die of complications of Hepatits B. 10% of Filipinos have Hepatitis B infection<ref>{{cite news | first=Tessa R. | last=Salazar | coauthors= | title=Cancer Preventable Says US Doctor | date=2004-05-24 | publisher= | url =http://liver.stanford.edu/files/040529manilla_times.pdf | work =The Philippine Daily Inquirer | pages = | accessdate = 2007-05-11 | language = }}</ref>
|-
Line 45 ⟶ 60:
| <center>9 months</center>
| <center>1</center>
| <center>0.5 mL</center>
| <center>--</center>
| <center>Subcutaneous</center>
| Upper outer portion of the thigh
| At least 85% of measles can be prevented by immunization at this age<ref name='PMID: 8034506'> {{cite journal|title=Worldwide measles prevention|journal=Israel Journal of Medical Sciences|date=1994-05|first=WA|last=Orenstein|coauthors=L.E. Markowitz, W.L. Atkinson, A.R. Hinman|volume=30|issue=5-6|pages=469-81|id= |url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8034506&dopt=Abstract|format=|accessdate=2007-05-11}}</ref>.
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