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In [[computer science]], '''synchronization''' is the task of coordinating multiple [[Process (computer science)|processes]] to join up or [[Handshake (computing)|handshake]] at a certain point, in order to reach an agreement or commit to a certain sequence of action.
==Motivation==
The need for synchronization does not arise merely in multi-processor systems but for any kind of concurrent processes; even in single processor systems. Mentioned below are some of the main needs for synchronization:
''[[Fork–join model|Forks and Joins]]:'' When a job arrives at a fork point, it is split into N sub-jobs which are then serviced by n tasks. After being serviced, each sub-job waits until all other sub-jobs are done processing. Then, they are joined again and leave the system. Thus, parallel programming requires synchronization as all the parallel processes wait for several other processes to occur.
''[[Producer–consumer problem|Producer-Consumer:]]'' In a producer-consumer relationship, the consumer process is dependent on the producer process until the necessary data has been produced.
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