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West Java borders Jakarta and [[Banten]] province to the west and [[Central Java]] to the east. To the north is the [[Java Sea]]. To the south is the [[Indian Ocean]]. Unlike most other provinces in Indonesia which have their capitals in coastal areas, the provincial capital, Bandung, is located in the mountainous area in the centre of the province. [[Banten]] Province was formerly part of West Java but was created a separate province in 2000. West Java, in the densely populated western third of Java and covering a land area of 37,040.04 km<sup>2</sup> (larger than [[Guinea-Bissau]] or [[Ulyanovsk Oblast]]), is home to almost one out of every five Indonesians.
[[File:Cukang Taneuh (Green Canyon Indonesia) 01.jpg|thumb|View of the canyon of [[Cukang Taneuh]], which is
West Java and Banten provinces, as a part of the [[Pacific Ring of Fire]], have more mountains and volcanoes than any of the other provinces in Indonesia. The vast volcanic mountainous region of inland West Java is traditionally known as [[Parahyangan]] (also known as [[Priangan]] or [[Preanger]]) which means "The abode of [[hyang]]s (gods)". It is considered as the heartland of the Sundanese people. The highest point of West Java is the [[stratovolcano]] [[Mount Cereme]] (3,078 metres) bordering [[Kuningan]] and [[Majalengka]] Regencies. West Java has rich and fertile volcanic soil. Agriculture, mostly traditional dry rice cultivation (known as ''ladang'' or ''huma''), has become the primary way of life of traditional Sundanese people. Since the era of the [[Dutch East India Company]] (VOC), West Java has been known as a productive plantation area for coffee, tea, quinine, and many other cash crops. The mountainous region of West Java is also a major producer of vegetables and decorative flowering plants. The landscape of the province is one of volcanic mountains, rugged terrain, forest, mountains, rivers, fertile agricultural land, and natural sea harbours.<ref>Taylor (2003), p. 123.</ref>
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