Normal eigenvalue: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Spectral theory eigenvalue}}
In mathematics, specifically in [[spectral theory]], an [[eigenvalue]] of a [[Unbounded operator#Closed linear operators|closed linear operator]] is called '''normal''' if the space admits a decomposition into a direct sum of a finite-dimensional [[generalized eigenspace]] and an [[invariant subspace]] where <math>A-\lambda I</math> has a bounded inverse.
The set of normal eigenvalues coincides with the [[discrete spectrum (mathematics)|discrete spectrum]] <math>\sigma_d</math>.
 
==Root lineal==
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The spectrum of a closed operator <math>A:\,\mathfrak{B}\to\mathfrak{B}</math> in the Banach space <math>\mathfrak{B}</math> can be decomposed into the union of two disjoint sets, the set of normal eigenvalues and the fifth type of the [[essential spectrum]]:
:<math>
\sigma(A)= \sigma_{\textmathrm{normal eigenvalues ofd}\ A\}\cup\sigma_{\mathrm{ess},5}(A).
</math>