{{For|the context of control theory|Stochastic control}}
In the field of [[mathematical optimization]], '''stochastic programming''' is a framework for [[Mathematical model|modeling]] [[Optimization (mathematics)|optimization]] problems that involve [[uncertainty]]. A '''stochastic program''' is an optimization problem in which some or all problem parameters are uncertain, but follow known [[probability distribution]]s.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Shapiro|first1=Alexander|urlauthor2-link=http://www2.isye.gatech.edu/people/faculty/Alex_Shapiro/SPbook.pdf|title=LecturesDarinka on stochastic programming: Modeling and theoryDentcheva|last2=Dentcheva|first2=Darinka|author3-link=Andrzej Piotr Ruszczyński|last3=Ruszczyński|first3=Andrzej|publishertitle=SocietyLectures foron Industrialstochastic andprogramming: AppliedModeling Mathematicsand (SIAM)|year=2009|isbn=978-0-89871-687-0theory|series=MPS/SIAM Series on Optimization|volume=9|publisher=Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics and the Mathematical Programming Society|___location=Philadelphia, PA|year=2009|pages=xvi+436|mrisbn=2562798|author2978-link=Darinka Dentcheva|author30-link89871-687-0|url=Andrzej Piotr Ruszczyńskihttp://www2.isye.gatech.edu/people/faculty/Alex_Shapiro/SPbook.pdf|agencymr=Mathematical Programming Society (MPS)2562798|access-date=2010-09-22|archive-date=2020-03-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200324131907/https://www2.isye.gatech.edu/people/faculty/Alex_Shapiro/SPbook.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last1=Birge|first1=John R.|last2=Louveaux|first2=François|date=2011|title=Introduction to Stochastic Programming|url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0237-4|series=Springer Series in Operations Research and Financial Engineering|language=en-gb|doi=10.1007/978-1-4614-0237-4|isbn=978-1-4614-0236-7|issn=1431-8598}}</ref> This framework contrasts with deterministic optimization, in which all problem parameters are assumed to be known exactly. The goal of stochastic programming is to find a decision which both optimizes some criteria chosen by the decision maker, and appropriately accounts for the uncertainty of the problem parameters. Because many real-world decisions involve uncertainty, stochastic programming has found applications in a broad range of areas ranging from [[finance]] to [[transportation]] to energy optimization.<ref>
Stein W. Wallace and William T. Ziemba (eds.). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=KAI0jsuyDPsC&q=%22Applications+of+Stochastic+Programming%22 Applications of Stochastic Programming]''. MPS-SIAM Book Series on Optimization 5, 2005.
* [[Andrzej Piotr Ruszczyński|Andrzej Ruszczynski]] and Alexander Shapiro (eds.) (2003) ''Stochastic Programming''. Handbooks in Operations Research and Management Science, Vol. 10, Elsevier.
* {{cite book|last1=Shapiro|first1=Alexander|author2-link=Darinka Dentcheva|last2=Dentcheva|first2=Darinka|author3-link=Andrzej Piotr Ruszczyński|last3=Ruszczyński|first3=Andrzej|title=Lectures on stochastic programming: Modeling and theory|series=MPS/SIAM Series on Optimization|volume=9|publisher=Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM)and the Mathematical Programming Society|___location=Philadelphia, PA|agency=Mathematical Programming Society (MPS)|year=2009|pages=xvi+436|isbn=978-0-89871-687-0|url=http://www2.isye.gatech.edu/people/faculty/Alex_Shapiro/SPbook.pdf|mr=2562798|access-date=2010-09-22|archive-date=2020-03-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200324131907/https://www2.isye.gatech.edu/people/faculty/Alex_Shapiro/SPbook.pdf|url-status=dead}}
* Stein W. Wallace and William T. Ziemba (eds.) (2005) ''Applications of Stochastic Programming''. MPS-SIAM Book Series on Optimization 5
* {{cite book | last1=King|first1=Alan J.|last2=Wallace|first2=Stein W.| title=Modeling with Stochastic Programming | series=Springer Series in Operations Research and Financial Engineering| publisher=Springer| ___location=New York|year=2012|isbn=978-0-387-87816-4| url=https://www.springer.com/mathematics/probability/book/978-0-387-87816-4 }}
