Event data recorder: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 17:56, 15 February 2025

Revision as of 16:54, 27 August 2025

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An '''event data recorder''' ('''EDR'''), more specifically '''motor vehicle event data recorder''' ('''MVEDR'''), similar to an [[accident data recorder]], (ADR) sometimes referred to informally as an automotive '''[[black box]]''' (by analogy with the common nickname for [[flight recorder]]s), is a device installed in some [[automobile]]s to record information related to [[traffic collision]]s. In the USA EDRs must meet federal standards, as described within the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations.<ref name="CFREDR">{{cite web|title=49 CFR 563.7|url=https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2010-title49-vol6/pdf/CFR-2010-title49-vol6-sec563-7.pdf|website=U.S. Government Printing Office|access-date=18 June 2017}}</ref><ref name="CFR 563">{{cite web |title=PART 563 - EVENT DATA RECORDERS |url=https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-V/part-563 |website=Code of Federal Regulations |access-date=17 August 2022}}</ref>

The term generally refers to a simple, tamper-proof, [[read-write memory]] device. The role of the EDR is limited compared to journey data recorders such as [[digital tachograph|digital tachographs]]s in Europe or [[electronic logging device]] in the USA,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ec.europa.eu/transport/road_safety/specialist/knowledge/esave/esafety_measures_known_safety_effects/black_boxes_in_vehicle_data_recorders_en|title = Black boxes/ In-vehicle data recorders|date = 17 October 2016}}</ref> which may also be referred to as a black box or in-vehicle data recorder.

In modern diesel [[truck]]s, EDRs are triggered by electronically sensed problems in the engine (often called faults), or a sudden change in wheel speed. One or more of these conditions may occur because of an accident. Information from these devices can be collected after a crash and analyzed to help determine what the vehicles were doing before, during and after the crash or event.

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In 2020, talks were ongoing to draft and define global and/or UNECE [[vehicle regulation]] for event data recorder. In March 2021, regulation 160 was adopted.<ref name="unece.org"/>

European UN regulations include regulation 160 for cars (M1 and N1 categories)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Union |first=Publications Office of the European |date=2021-07-26 |title=UN Regulation No 160 &#8211; Uniform provisions concerning the approval of motor vehicles with regard to the Event Data Recorder [2021/1215], PUB/2021/586 |url=https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/264f8c23-edab-11eb-a71c-01aa75ed71a1/language-en |access-date=2024-09-15 |website=Publications Office of the EU |language=en}}</ref> and regulation 169 for heavy vehicles (M2, M3, N2 and N3categories)<ref>{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2024-05-28 |title=EU: New draft regulation on event data recorders |url=https://igarr.com/2024/05/28/eu-new-draft-regulation-on-event-data-recorders/ |access-date=2024-09-15 |website=Institute for Global Automotive Regulatory Research |language=en-US}}</ref>{{,}}.<ref>https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=OJ:L_202401218 {{Bare URL inline|date=August 2025}}</ref>

==Operation==

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In addition to the required data, NHTSA also set standards for 30 other types of data to be recorded if EDRs were voluntarily configured. For example, if a manufacturer configured an EDR to record engine RPMs or ABS activity, then the EDR would have to record 5 seconds of those pre-crash data in half-second increments.

Besides the requirement that all data be able to survive a 30mph30&nbsp;mph barrier crash and be measured with defined precision, NHTSA also required that all manufacturers make their EDR data publicly available. As of October 2009, only General Motors, Ford and Daimler Chrysler had released their EDR data to be publicly read. In the August 2006 ruling, NHTSA set a timetable for all vehicle manufacturers to be in compliance with the new EDR standards. The compliance date was originally set for all vehicles manufactured after September 1, 2010. But in 2008, NHTSA pushed the date back to September 1, 2012. In 2014, it was working on another rule update to give vehicle manufacturers until September 1, 2014, but that rule was never issued.<ref>{{cite web|title=49 CFR 563.3 - Application.|url=https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/49/563.3|access-date=7 May 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title="Black Boxes" in Passenger Vehicles: Policy Issues|url=https://fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R43651.pdf|access-date=7 May 2018}}</ref>

==EDR Needs for ADAS==

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===N.J. Governor Jon Corzine===

On 12 April 2007, [[Governor of New Jersey|N.J. Governor]] [[Jon Corzine]] was seriously injured in an automobile accident. According to the superintendent of state police, an event data recorder in the [[SUV]] he was traveling in recorded he was traveling at about 91mph91&nbsp;mph five seconds before the crash. The speed limit on the road is 65mph65&nbsp;mph. The Governor was not the driver of the vehicle.<ref>{{cite web |date=2007-04-17 |title=Corzine's SUV traveling 91 mph at time of crash |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna18158503 |access-date=2010-02-22 |work=NBCNews.com}}</ref>

===Mass. Lt. Governor Tim Murray===

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=== Antonio Boparan-Singh ===

The first such use of EDR evidence in the [[United Kingdom]] was at [[Birmingham Crown Court]] during the trial of Antonio Boparan-Singh who crashed the [[Range Rover Sport]] he was driving into a [[Jeep]] in 2006. The accident left a baby girl paralyzed and the driver, who was aged 19 at the time of the incident, was sentenced to 21 months in prison. The EDR evidence allowed investigators to determine the driver was speeding at 72mph72&nbsp;mph in a 30mph30&nbsp;mph zone.<ref>{{cite web |date=2008-04-04 |title=How car's black box trapped speeding Rich List heir who left baby paralysed in Range Rover crash |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/how-cars-black-box-trapped-speeding-rich-list-heir-who-left-baby-paralysed-in-range-rover-crash-6615218.html |access-date=2010-02-03 |work=London Evening Standard}}</ref>

=== Others ===

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{{ISBN|978-92-79-41307-0}}

doi 10.2832/66709

</ref>

Ownership of EDR data in Europe is not clearly defined<ref name="ppr707" /> like in the US.<ref name="Jan Paul Peters / Hans Bot">{{cite web |url=https://www.eudarts-group.com/edr-in-europe |title=Latest update about the new General Safety Regulation |author1=Jan Paul Peters |author2=Hans Bot |date=April 18, 2019 |access-date=2020-12-06}}</ref>