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The '''Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices''', or '''MUTCD''', is a document issued by the [[United States Department of Transportation]] to specify the standards by which [[traffic signs]], [[road]] markings (see [[lane]]), and [[traffic light|signals]] are designed and installed. These specifications include the shapes, colors, and fonts used in road markings and signs. In the [[United States]], all traffic control devices must generally conform to these standards. The manual is used by state agencies as well as private construction firms to ensure that the traffic control devices they use conform to the national standard. While some state agencies have developed their own set of standards, these must be in substantial conformance with the MUTCD.
At the start of the 20th century—the early days of the rural [[highway]]—each road was promoted and maintained by [[American Automobile Association|automobile clubs]] of private individuals, who generated revenue through club membership and increased business along cross-country routes. However, each highway had its own set of signage, usually designed to promote the highway rather than to assist in the direction and safety of travelers. In fact, conflicts between these automobile clubs frequently led to multiple sets of signs—sometimes as many as eleven—being erected on the same highway.
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