Toe-loop: differenze tra le versioni
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Riga 13:
== Storia del salto ==
Il suo inventore fu l'americano [[Bruce Mapes]], che lo ideò nel [[1920]].<ref name="ISUFSMG20242025">{{Cita web|url=https://isu-d8g8b4b7ece7aphs.a03.azurefd.net/isudamcontainer/uploads/images/press/mediaaccreditationguides/Figure_Skating_Media_Guide_2024-25.pdf|titolo=ISU Figure Skating Media Guide 2024/25 |lingua=en|accesso=14 giugno 2025}}</ref>
Thomas Litz fu il primo ad eseguire un triplo Toe-loop (tre rotazioni complete eseguite in aria) ai World Figure Skating Championships del [[1964]], mentre [[Kurt Browning]] eseguì per la prima volta un quadruplo Toe-loop ai campionati mondiali del [[1988]].<ref name="R29032017"/><ref name="ISUFSMG20242025"/>
Al giorno d'oggi molti pattinatori uomini di alto livello presentano nei loro programmi di gara il quadruplo toe-loop;
'''Primati'''
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!scope=col| Abbr.
!scope=col| Jump element
!scope=col| Skater
!scope=col| Nation
!scope=col| Event
!scope=col class="unsortable"| {{abbr|Ref.|Reference}}
|-
!scope=row| 3T
| Triplo toe loop || {{Sortname|Thomas|Litz}} || {{flagcountry|USA}} || [[Campionati mondiali di pattinaggio di figura|Campionato del mondo]] 1964 || <ref name="mediaguide-17">Media guide, p. 17</ref>
|-
!scope=row rowspan=2| 4T
| Quadruplo toe loop (uomini) || {{Sortname|Kurt|Browning}} || {{flagcountry|CAN}} || [[Campionati mondiali di pattinaggio di figura|Campionato del mondo]] 1988 || <ref>{{Cite news |date=26 March 1988 |title=A Quadruple Jump on Ice |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/03/26/sports/a-quadruple-jump-on-ice.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121111223502/https://www.nytimes.com/1988/03/26/sports/a-quadruple-jump-on-ice.html |archive-date=11 November 2012 |access-date=3 July 2024 |newspaper=The New York Times |___location= |language=en-US |issn=1553-8095 |agency=Associated Press}}</ref>
|-
| Quadruplo toe loop (donne) || {{Sortname|Aleksandra|Trusova}} || {{flagcountry|RUS}} || [[Campionati mondiali juniores di pattinaggio di figura|Campionato del mondo juniores]] 2018|| <ref name="mediaguide-17" /><ref>{{Cite news |date=10 March 2018 |title=Trusova (RUS) Makes History with Two Quads in Golden Performance |url=https://www.isu.org/inside-single-pair-skating-ice-dance/figure-skating-other/news-fs/12019-trusova-rus-makes-history-with-two-quads-in-golden-performance?templateParam=15 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625231038/https://www.isu.org/inside-single-pair-skating-ice-dance/figure-skating-other/news-fs/12019-trusova-rus-makes-history-with-two-quads-in-golden-performance?templateParam=15 |archive-date=25 June 2021 |access-date=3 July 2024 |work=International Skating Union |___location=Lausanne, Switzerland}}</ref>
|-
!scope=row| 4T+2T
| Quad toe loop-doppio toe loop || rowspan="2" | {{Sortname|Elvis|Stojko}} || rowspan="2" | {{flagcountry|CAN}} || rowspan="2" | [[Campionati mondiali di pattinaggio di figura|Campionato del mondo]] 1991 || rowspan="2" | <ref name="mediaguide-17" />
|-
!scope=row rowspan=2| 4T+3T
| Quad toe loop-triplo toe loop (uomini)
|-
| Quad toe loop-triple toe loop (donne) || {{Sortname|Aleksandra|Trusova}} || rowspan="4" | {{flagcountry|RUS}} || [[Grand Prix ISU juniores in Lituania]] 2018 || <ref>{{Cite news |date=10 September 2018 |title=Trusova (RUS) continues to make history, goes for three quads in Kaunas |url=https://www.isu.org/inside-single-pair-skating-ice-dance/figure-skating-other/news-fs/12169-trusova-rus-continues-to-make-history-goes-for-three-quads-in-kaunas?templateParam=15 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180910132103/https://www.isu.org/inside-single-pair-skating-ice-dance/figure-skating-other/news-fs/12169-trusova-rus-continues-to-make-history-goes-for-three-quads-in-kaunas?templateParam=15 |archive-date=10 September 2018 |access-date=3 July 2024 |work=International Skating Union |___location=Lausanne, Switzerland}}</ref>
|-
!scope=row| 4T+3T+2Lo
| Quad toe loop-triplo toe loop-doppio [[Rittberger|loop]] || rowspan="2" | {{Sortname|Evgeni|Plushenko}} || [[NHK Trophy]] 1999 || <ref name="mediaguide-17" />
|-
!scope=row| 4T+3T+3Lo
| Quad toe loop-triplo toe loop-triplo loop || [[Cup of Russia]] 2002 || <ref name="mediaguide-17" />
|-
!scope=row| 4T+1Eu+3S
| Quad toe loop-[[Euler (pattinaggio)|Euler]]-triplo [[Salchow]] || {{Sortname|Alexei|Yagudin}} || [[Skate Canada International]] 2001 || <ref>{{Cite web |last1=Bussat Ingwersen |first1=Aline |last2=Kenny |first2=Patrick |date=3 November 2001 |title=MasterCard Skate Canada International, Day Three |url=http://ww2.isu.org/news/gpskcan3.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324011302/http://ww2.isu.org/news/gpskcan3.html |archive-date=24 March 2012 |access-date=3 July 2024 |work=International Skating Union |___location=}}</ref>
|-
!scope=row| 4T+1Eu+3F
| Quad toe loop-Euler-triplo [[Flip (pattinaggio)|flip]] || rowspan="2" | {{Sortname|Yuzuru|Hanyu}} || rowspan="2" | {{flagcountry|JPN}} || [[Skate Canada International]] 2019 || <ref>{{Cite news |date=28 October 2019 |title= |script-title=ja:羽生、独壇場V 新境地で自己新322・59点「自分に勝てたな」 |trans-title=Hanyu single-handedly scoring a new personal best of 322.59 points in a new system "I think I beat myself" |url=https://www.sponichi.co.jp/sports/news/2019/10/28/kiji/20191028s00079000079000c.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516195843/https://www.sponichi.co.jp/sports/news/2019/10/28/kiji/20191028s00079000079000c.html |archive-date=16 May 2021 |access-date=3 July 2024 |newspaper=Sports Nippon (Sponichi Annex) |___location=Tokyo |language=ja}}</ref>
|-
!scope=row| 4T+3A+SEQ
| Quad toe loop-triplo [[Axel (pattinaggio)|Axel]] || [[Grand Prix di pattinaggio di figura della Finlandia|Grand Prix di Helsinki]] 2018 || <ref>{{Cite news |date=4 November 2018 |title=Yuzuru Hanyu (JPN) Hits Quad Toe-Triple Axel En Route to Gold in Helsinki |url=https://www.isu.org/isu-news/news/125-grand-prix-news/12233-yuzuru-hanyu-jpn-hits-quad-toe-triple-axel-en-route-to-gold-in-helsinki?highlight=WyJxdWFkIiwicXVhZCcuIiwidG9lLXRyaXBsZSIsImF4ZWwiLCJxdWFkIHRvZS10cmlwbGUiLCJxdWFkIHRvZS10cmlwbGUgYXhlbCIsInRvZS10cmlwbGUgYXhlbCJd&templateParam=15 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191216011715/https://www.isu.org/isu-news/news/125-grand-prix-news/12233-yuzuru-hanyu-jpn-hits-quad-toe-triple-axel-en-route-to-gold-in-helsinki%3Fhighlight%3DWyJxdWFkIiwicXVhZCcuIiwidG9lLXRyaXBsZSIsImF4ZWwiLCJxdWFkIHRvZS10cmlwbGUiLCJxdWFkIHRvZS10cmlwbGUgYXhlbCIsInRvZS10cmlwbGUgYXhlbCJd%26templateParam%3D15 |archive-date=16 December 2019 |access-date=3 July 2024 |work=International Skating Union |___location= |language=en-GB}}</ref>
|-
!scope=row|4S+3T
| Quad Salchow-triplo toe loop || {{Sortname|Timothy|Goebel}} || {{flagcountry|USA}} || [[Skate America]] 1999 || <ref>{{Cite news |last=Pucin |first=Diane |date=26 December 1999 |title=He's Pushing the Envelope, Not That Anyone Notices |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-dec-26-sp-47774-story.html |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220119153607/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-dec-26-sp-47774-story.html |archive-date=19 January 2022 |access-date=3 July 2024 |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |___location= |language=en-US |issn=2165-1736}}</ref>
|-
!scope=row| 4Lz+3T
| Quad [[Lutz (pattinaggio)|lutz]]-triple toe loop || [[Jin Boyang]] || {{flagcountry|CHN}} || [[Cup of China]] 2015 || <ref name="mediaguide-17" />
|-
!scope=row| 3A+4T
| Triplo Axel-quad toe loop || [[Mikhail Shaidorov]] || {{flagcountry|KAZ}} || [[Trophée Eric Bompard|Grand Prix de France]] 2024 || <ref>{{Cite web |last=Smirnova |first=Lena |date=2024-11-18 |title=Three years in the making: Mikhail Shaidorov breaks down his historic triple Axel-quad toe jump combo |url=https://olympics.com/en/news/figure-skating-mikhail-shaidorov-kazakhstan-panda-interview |access-date=2024-12-07 |website=olympics.com}}</ref>
|}
== Il Toe-loop nel pattinaggio artistico a rotelle ==
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