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As emphasis is not based on acquiring and practicing basic skills, students in constructivist classrooms tend to lag behind those in traditional classrooms in these areas.{{Fact|date=February 2007}} Proponents of constructivism argue that constructivist students perform better than their peers when tested on higher-order reasoning.
Critics of constructivism also argue that this teaching technique forces students to "[[reinvent the wheel]]." Proponents argue that students — especially [[elementary school]]-aged children — are naturally curious about the world, and giving them the tools to explore it in a guided manner will serve to give them a stronger understanding of it<ref name="thirteenorg"/>.
A prominent group of cognitive scientists has also questioned the central claims of constructivism, saying that they are either misleading or contradict known findings.<ref>[http://act-r.psy.cmu.edu/papers/misapplied.html Applications and Misapplications of Cognitive Psychology to Mathematics Education]</ref>
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