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An '''RNA gene''' is any [[gene]] that encodes [[RNA]] that functions without being [[translation (biology)|translated]] into a protein. Commonly-used synonyms of "RNA gene" are '''noncoding RNA''' or '''non-coding RNA''' ('''ncRNA''') and '''small RNA''' ('''sRNA'''). Less-frequently used synonyms are non-messenger RNA (nmRNA), small non-messenger RNA (snmRNA), and functional RNA (fRNA).
The most prominent examples of RNA genes are '''transfer RNA''' ('''tRNA''') and '''ribosomal RNA''' ('''rRNA'''), both of which are involved in the process of translation. However, since the late 1990s, many new RNA genes have been found, and thus RNA genes may play a much more significant role than previously thought. Even so, they are probably not as significant or numerous as the protein-coding genes.
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