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==Examples==
In programming languages without [[exception handling|structured exception handling]] (e.g. in the [[C (programming language)|C programming language]]), ''error codes'' are often stored in [[global variable]]s with names such as <code>errno</code>. Error codes are typically identified by number, each indicating a specific error condition. In an application that uses error codes, each function typically defines one ''return code'' to indicate a general failure. Upon receipt of that general failure return code, the programmer can check the value stored in the global error code to determine the condition that caused the function to fail. For example, to indicate that an attempt to open a file failed, a function may set the global error code to indicate the cause of the failure and return an invalid file handle. The following sample shows how the error code can be used to explain the cause of the error:
<source lang="c">
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