Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography: Difference between revisions

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:''PTHC redirects here. For preeteen hardcore, see [[Child porn]]''

'''Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography''' ('''PTHC''' or '''PTC''') is a diagnostic test used to visualize the [[anatomy]] of the [[biliary tract]]. A [[contrast medium]] is injected into a bile duct in the [[liver]], after which [[X-ray]]s are taken. It has various purposes, such as the visualisation of the biliary tree in cases where [[endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography]] (ERCP) has been unsuccessful. Initially reported in 1937, the procedure became popular after a 1952 report in the English-language literature.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Carter RF, Saypol GM |title=Transabdominal cholangiography |journal=Journal of the American Medical Association |volume=148 |issue=4 |pages=253–5 |year=1952 |pmid=14888454 |doi=}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Atkinson M, Happey MG, Smiddy FG |title=Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography |journal=Gut |volume=1 |issue= |pages=357–65 |year=1960 |pmid=13684978 |pmc=1413224}}</ref> If the biliary system is obstructed, PTC may be used to drain bile until a permanent solution for the obstruction is performed (e.g. surgery). Advancement of the percutaneous cannula through the biliary tract to the [[duodenum]] may aid in visualising the [[ampulla of Vater]] during further attempts at ERCP.