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A card sort treats the names of the items as given. In an ''open card sort'', the participants who do the sorting are expected to provide their own names for the categories. In a ''closed card sort'', the participants are provided with a predetermined set of category names.
A card sort is commonly undertaken when designing a navigation structure for an environment that offers an interesting variety of content and functionality, such as a web site.<ref name="Nielsen 1995" >
|title=Card Sorting to Discover the Users' Model of the Information Space |url=http://www.useit.com/ |author=Jakob Nielsen }}</ref><ref name="Boxes and Arrows" > |url=http://www.boxesandarrows.com/view/card_sorting_a_definitive_guide |title=Card sorting: a definitive guide |author=Donna Maurer and Todd Warfel }}</ref><ref name="uk.net.web.authoring" >{{cite newsgroup |title=Card Sorting for Web Design
|url=http://groups.google.co.uk/group/uk.net.web.authoring/msg/b71d97aac76222d9
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Various methods can be used to analyze the data. The purpose of the analysis is to extract patterns from the population of test subjects, so that a common set of categories and relationships emerges. This common set is then incorporated into the design of the environment, either for navigation or for other purposes.
Card sorting is an established technique with an emerging literature.<ref
|last=Maurer
|title=Card Sorting (
|section=Excerpted bibliography
|publisher=Rosenfeld Media
|url=http://www.rosenfeldmedia.com/books/cardsorting/content/bibliography/
|date=forthcoming in 2008
}}</ref> <ref name="Nielsen 2004" >{{cite web
|title=Card Sorting: How Many Users to Test
|url=http://www.useit.com/alertbox/20040719.html
|author=Jakob Nielsen
|date=[[July 19]], 2004
}}</ref>
== References ==
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