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== History ==
The origin from the NIST Enterprise Architecture Model was a NIST research project in 1989, published as the NIST Special Publication 500-167, ''Information Management Directions: The Integration Challenge''.<ref name="FG89"> Elizabeth N. Fong and Alan H. Goldfine (1989) ''Information Management Directions: The Integration Challenge''. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Special Publication 500-167, September 1989.</ref> In this project two Frameworks were preposed: a [[Zachman Framework]] adressing [[enterprise engineering]] and a single dimensional classification of subject areas supporting Information Strategy, what latter became known as the NIST Framework. The NIST Framework was picked up by several US Federal Agencies and used as the basis for their information strategy.<ref name="Zac06">[http://www.objectwatch.com/whitepapers/IASANewsletterApril2007.pdf "Exclusive Interview with John Zachman"] by Roger Session. In: ''Perspectives of the Internation Association of Software Architects''. April 2006.</ref>
== NIST Enterprise Architecture topics ==
=== NIST ===
The US [[National Institute of Standards and Technology]] (NIST) is responsible for developing technical, management, physical and administrative standards and guidelines; providing technical assistance; and conducting research for computer systems technology within the Federal government. Two NIST efforts in particular have provided direction to Federal agencies in the development of an open systems environment (OSE) to promote interoperability, portability, scalability, and standardization of agency information architectures and systems.<ref name="FAA98"> Federal Aviation Administration (1998) [http://www.faa.gov/niac/pdf/wn18_fia.pdf Federal Information Architecture Initiatives]. February 1998</ref>
* ''Information Management Directions: The Integration Challenge'', NIST Special Publication 500-167, September 1989.
* ''Application Portability Profile (APP) - The U.S. Government’s Open System Environment Profile Version 3.0'', NIST Special Publication 500-230, February 1996.
=== Information Management Directions ===
[[File:NISTs Enterprise Architecture Model.jpg|thumb|240px|NISTs Enterprise Architecture Model.<ref name="FAA98"/>]]
The NIST report entitled "Information Management Directions: The Integration Challenge" defines the Enterprise Architecture, levels within the Architecture, and the standards required to implement and enforce such an Architecture, see image. The NIST Enterprise Architecture has provided a framework for service and agency architecture model definitions. It consists of a five-tiered framework to illustrate business, information, and technology interconnectivity. Although the tiers are separately identified, they are interrelated. An integrated set of information and information technology architectures can be derived from the Enterprise Architecture. In the 1990s the [[Department of Energy]] (DOE) has adopted NIST’s Enterprise Architecture model to define its Information Architecture.<ref name="FAA98"/>
=== Application Portability Profile ===
The "Application Portability Profile (APP) - The U.S. Government’s Open System Environment Profile Version 3.0" provides recommendations on a set of industry, Federal, national, international and other specifications that define interfaces, services, protocols, and data formats to support an [[Open System Environment]] (OSE). The APP addresses the lowest architecture in the NIST Enterprise Architecture Model, i.e., the Delivery System Architecture. Based on these specification recommendations, various services and agencies have defined detailed technical reference models. In the 1990s both the [[U.S. Patent and Trademark Office]] (PTO) of the [[Department of Commerce]] (DoC) and the [[Department of Defense]] (DoD) in its [[Technical Architecture Framework for Information Management]] (TAFIM) have defined their Technical Reference Models based on NIST’s APP.<ref name="FAA98"/>
== Applications ==
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{{reflist}}
== External links ==
{{Commonscat|NIST Enterprise Architecture Model}}
* [http://www.faa.gov/niac/pdf/wn18_fia.pdf Federal Information Architecture Initiatives] in the 1990s.
[[Category:Enterprise architecture]]
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