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:<math>\langle x, c \rangle = \sum_{i=1}^n x_i c_i </math>
is scalar product. In [[linear algebra]] terms, the dual code is the [[Annihilator_(ring_theory)|annihilator]] of ''C'' with respect to the [[bilinear form]] <,>. The [[Dimension_(vector_space)|dimension]] of ''C'' and its dual always add up to the length ''n'':
:<math>\dim C + \dim C^\perp = n.</math>
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