Explicit formulae for L-functions: Difference between revisions

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*''m'' runs over positive integers
*''F'' is a smooth function all of whose derivatives are rapidly decreasing
*&psiphi; is a Fourier transform of ''F'': <math>\psiphi(t) = \int_{-\infty}^{\infty}F(x)e^{itx}dx</math>
*&Phi;(1/2 + it) = &phi;(t)
*&Psi;(t) = -log(&pi;) + Re(&psi;(1/4 + it/2)), where &psi; is the [[digamma function]] &Gamma;&prime;/&Gamma;
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:with the terms corresponding to the prime ''p'' coming from the Euler factor of ''p'', and the term at the end involving &Psi; coming from the gamma factor (the Euler factor at infinity).
*The left hand side is a sum over all zeros of &zeta;<sup>*</sup> counted with multiplicities, so thepoles at 0 and 1 are counted as zeros of order &minus;1.
 
==Applications==
Riemann's original use of the explicit formula way to give an exact formula for the number of primes less than a given number. To do this, take ''F''(log(''y'')) to be ''y''<sup>1/2</sup>/log(''y'') for