|
: ''For other uses, see [[Analog (disambiguation)]].''
In [[chemistry]], '''analogs''' or '''analogues''' are [[chemical compound|compounds]] in which one or more individual [[atoms]] have been replaced, either with a different atom, or with a different [[functional group]]. Another use of the term in chemistry refers to a substance which is similar in structure to another substance. Analogs can sometimes cause complications when they have differing functions from the compared substance. For instance, a person could have a [[cyanocobalamin]] ([[Vitamin B12]]) deficiency, but it may not show up in a [[blood test]] if cyanocobalamin analogs are present. [[Pharmaceutical]]s are one area in which a [[lead compound]] found to have activity is elaborated by creating a family of analogs.
In [[chemistry]], '''structural analogs''' ('''structural analogues'''), also known as '''chemical analogs''' or simply '''analogs''', are [[chemical compound|compounds]] in which one or more [[atoms]], [[functional group]]s, or substructures have been replaced with different atoms, groups, or substructures. Despite a high chemical similarity, structural analogs are not necessarily [[functional analog]] and can have very different physical, chemical, biochemical, or pharmacological properties.
'''Transition state analogs''' are similar to the [[transition state]] in an enzyme-catalysed reaction, but are not converted to the product themselves. Binding of transition state analogs allows scientists to learn more about the nature of enzyme catalysed reactions. Transition state analogs are often effective inhibitors of enzymes, and sometimes make effective drugs (e.g. [[Oseltamivir]]). Transition state analogs are also utilized by HIV protease inhibitors in the treatment of AIDS.
In [[drug development]] large series of structural analogs of an initial [[lead compound]] are created and tested as part of a [[structure optimization]] project.
== See also ==
* [[Oseltamivir]] (Tamiflu®), an anti-influenza drug that is a transition state analog.
* [[Homology (chemistry)|Homolog]] :, a compound of a series differing only by repeated units .▼* [http://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/Avian_Influenza_Neuraminidase%2C_Tamiflu_and_Relenza Structure of oseltamivir bound to influenza neuraminidase] (in [http://proteopedia.org Proteopedia.Org]).
* [[Functional analog]], compounds with similar physical, chemical, biochemical, or pharmacological properties
▲* [[Homology (chemistry)|Homolog]]: a compound of a series differing only by repeated units.
* [[Transition state analog]]
* [[Zidovudine|AZT]]: the first antiviral drug approved for HIV.
[[Category:Chemical nomenclature]]
| 