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* '''Types'''. The ''type'' of a live distributed object determines the patterns of external interactions with the object; it is determined by the types of endpoints and graphical user interfaces exposed by the object's proxies, and the patterns of events that may occur at the endpoints. The constraints that the object's type places on event patterns may span across the network. For example, type ''atomic multicast'' might specify that if an event of the form ''deliver(x)'' is generated by one proxy, a similar event must be eventually generated by all ''non-faulty'' proxies (proxies that run on computers that never crash, and that never cease to execute or are excluded from the protocol; the precise definition might vary). Much as it is the case for types in [[Java (programming language)|Java]]-like languages, there might exist many very different implementations of the same type. Thus, for example, behavior characteristic to ''atomic multicast'' might be exhibited by instances of distributed protocols such as virtual synchrony or Paxos.
The semantics and behavior of live distributed objects can be characterized in terms of [[Distributed data flow|distributed data flows]]; the set of messages or events that appear on the instances of a live object's endpoint forms a distributed data flow
<ref name="ostrowski2009debs">Ostrowski, K., Birman, K., Dolev, D., and Sakoda, C. (2009). "Implementing Reliable Event Streams in Large Systems via Distributed Data Flows and Recursive Delegation", ''3rd ACM International Conference on Distributed Event-Based Systems (DEBS 2009)'', Nashville, TN, USA, July 6-9, 2009, http://www.cs.cornell.edu/~krzys/krzys_debs2009.pdf</ref>
<ref name="ostrowski2009oopsla">Ostrowski, K., Birman, K., Dolev, D. (2009). "Programming Live Distributed Objects with Distributed Data Flows", Submitted to the ''International Conference on Object Oriented Programming, Systems, Languages and Applications (OOPSLA 2009)'', http://www.cs.cornell.edu/~krzys/krzys_oopsla2009.pdf</ref>.
== History ==
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