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Experimentally, this value can be determined by determining [[diet (nutrition)|diet]]ary protein intake and then measuring [[nitrogen]] [[excretion]]. One formula for NPU is:
:NPU = ((0.16 × (24 hour protein intake in grams)) - ((24 hour urinary [[urea]] nitrogen) + 2) - (0.1 × ([[ideal body weight]] in kilograms))) / (0.16 × (24 hour protein intake in grams))
As a value, NPU can range from 1 to 0, with a value of 1 indicating 100% utilization of dietary nitrogen as protein and a value of 0 an indication that none of the nitrogen supplied was converted to protein.
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