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• low dielectric constant (low capacitance)
• low dielectric loss tangent (no dielectric heating due to a high-frequency electric field)
• no distortions in modulators output from piezoelectric resonances
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A dc magnetic field Hdc is applied perpendicular to the light propagation direction to produce a single ___domain, transverse directed 4~Ms. The rf modulation field Hrf, applied by means of a coil along the light propagation direction, wobbles 4~Ms through an angle of @ and produces a time varying magnetization component in the longitudinal direction. This component then produces an ac variation in the plane of polarization via the longitudinal Faraday effect. Conversion to amplitude modulation is accomplished by the indicated analyzer.
== Optical modulators using semiconductor nano-structures ==
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