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==Virtual Worlds and 3D Online Environments==
Both 3D virtual worlds (such as Second Life) and 3D virtual environments (such as [[Google Lively]] or [[Hangout.net]]) can be used for 3D online language learning. Almost all such language learning projects make use of general virtual worlds that are intended for [[social networking]] (rather than for [[language education]]). However, there are more recent examples of creating virtual worlds specifically for language education.
Since 2005 Second Life has been the main focus of language education using virtual worlds. This has been largely due to the flexibility offered by Second Life, especially with the opportunity to own land and build educational environments in-world. However, other virtual worlds and 3D online spaces have been used as language learning tools. [[Twinity]] replicates the real life city of Berlin (other cities such as Singapore and London to follow) and offers language learners virtual locations with specific languages being spoken. Some islands in Second Life also have language or culture specific communities that may allow language learners easy ways to practice a foreign language. <ref>{{cite news |first=Coleen Dee |last=Berry |title=Virtual reality and high-tech simulations breathe second life into language classes |url=http://news.rutgers.edu/focus/issue.2009-04-06.1814922901/article.2009-04-07.1692917645 |work=Focus, Rutgers University |date=[[2009-04-08]] |accessdate = 2009-06-22}}</ref> [[There.com]] also offers language learning opportunities<ref>{{cite news |first=Nick |last=Peachey |title=Looking at There.com |url=http://nikpeachey.blogspot.com/2007/10/looking-at-therecom.html |work=Nik's Learning Technology Blog |date=[[2007-10-09]] |accessdate = 2009-06-22}}</ref>
Browser-based 3D environments such as [[ExitReality]] offer 3D spaces for social learning or, in the case of [[Google Street View]] and [[Google Earth]]<ref>{{cite news |last=Language Resource Center at UNC Charlotte |title=Google Earth Activities for Foreign Language Classes |url=http://video.google.com/googleplayer.swf?docid=2496396767023982994&hl=en&fs=true |work=Presentation at Instructional Technology Showcase |date=[[2007-10-11]] |accessdate = 2009-06-22}}</ref> immersive learning.
There are virtual worlds, such as Zon and Wiz World that have been specifically designed for language learning and may be considered to be SIEs (Synthetic Immersive Environments).
==Pedagogies and Activities in Virtual Worlds==
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