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The concerns about design, its place in society and how design is practiced did not start with John Christopher Jones, or Christopher Alexander. [[William Morris]] of the arts and crafts movement in England voiced the role of the craftsman in an industrial age. He related design to [[values]], not just [[production]] and experimented with craftsman colonies where a nurturing environment was orchestrated for a convivial atmosphere that was fair for the craftsman and moved their goods to the market to receive a fair price.
In Germany, [[Peter Behrens]] was the first modern design director of the giant German industrial combine AEG (Allgemeine Elektrcitäts-Gesellschaft) in 1907. His single minded vision of creating a unified vision for a company (products, identity, architecture, etc.) was a precursor to the post-
[[World War I]], and its destruction of Europe, caused the art and intellectual community to search for meaning and reject the pre-war notions of stability and social rigidity and to create [[DaDa]], [[Futurism]], [[Surrealism]] and other movements that explored the [[unconscious mind]].
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