Process development execution system: Difference between revisions

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A '''Process Development Execution System (PDES)''' is a [[system]] which is used by companies to perform development activities for [[high-tech]] [[manufacturing]] processes. A PDES is similar to a [[Manufacturing Execution Systems|Manufacturing Execution System]] (MES)]] in several ways. The key distinguishing factor of a PDES is that it is tailored for steering the development of a manufacturing process, while MES is tailored for executing the volume production using the developed process. Therefore, the toolset and focus of a PDES is on lower volume but higher flexibility and experimentation freedom. The tools of an MES are more focused on less variance, higher volumes, tighter control and logistics. Both types of [[application software]] increase [[traceability]], [[productivity]], and [[Quality (business)|quality]] of the delivered result. For PDESs quality refers to the [[robustness]] of the developed manufacturing process. For MESs quality refers to the quality of the manufactured [[good (economics and accounting)]]/commodity. Additionally both software types share functions including [[equipment]] tracking, [[Product (business)|product]] genealogy, [[labour]] and item tracking, [[cost]]ingcosting, [[electronic signature]] capture, [[defect]] and resolution monitoring, [[Executive Dashboard]]s, and other various reporting solutions. Other rather similar software categories are [[Production Information Management System|Production Information Management Systems]] (PIMS)]], [[LIMS|Laboratory Information Management Systems]] (LIMS)]] and [[Laboratory information system|Laboratory Information Systems]] (LIS)]]. PDESs’ offer a wider set of functionalities e.g. virtual manufacturing techniques, while they are typically not integrated with the equipment in the laboratory.

PDESs have many parts and can be deployed on various scales - from simple [[Work in Progress]] tracking, to a complex solution integrated throughout an enterprise development infrastructure. The latter conncets with other enterprise systems like [[Enterprise resource planning|Enterprise Resource and Planning System]]s (ERPs), Manufacturing Execution Systems (MESs), [[Product Lifecycle Management]] (PLM), [[SCADA|Supervisory, Control and Data Acquisition]] (SCADA) solutions and [[Automated planning and scheduling|Scheduling and Planning System]]s (both long-term and short-term tactical).

== Example: PDES usage during semiconductor device development ==

New ideas for manufacturing processes (for new goods/commodities or improved manufacturing) are often based on, or can at least benefit from, previous developments and recipes already in use. The same is true when developing new devices, for example, a [[MEMS]] [[sensor]] or actuator. A PDES offers an easy way to access these previous developments in a structured manner. Information can be retrieved faster, and previous results can be taken into account more efficiently. A PDES typically offers means to display and search for result data from different viewpoints, and to categorise the data according different aspects. These functionalities are applied to all result [[data]], such as materials, process steps, machines, experiments, documents and pictures. The PDES also provides a way to relate entities belonging to the same or similar context and to explore the resulting [[information]].

In the assembly phase from process steps to process flows, a PDES can help to easily build, store, print, and transfer new process flows. By providing access to previously assembled process flows the designer is able to use those as building blocks or modules in the newly developed flow. The usage of standard building blocks can dramatically reduce the design time and the probability of errors.

A PDES demonstrates its real benefits in the verification phase. [[Knowledge]] (for example in the [[semiconductor device fabrication]] - clean before deposition; After polymer spin-on no temperature higher than 100°C until resist is removed) takes on a form that can be interpreted by a computer; they can be expressed in rules. If a ___domain expert enters the rules for his/her process steps, all engineers can later refer to them to check newly developed process flows. For a PDES, this means it has to be able to (1)
# manage rules (2)
# connect rules with Boolean terms (and, or, not) and (3)
# to check process flows using these rules. This rule check verifies the principle manufacturability of a newly designed manufacturing flow.

The processing rule check gives no indication about the functionality or even the structure of the produced good or device. In the area of [[semiconductor device fabrication]], the techniques of [[semiconductor process simulation]] / [[Technology CAD|TCAD]] can provide an idea about the produced structures. To support this ’virtual fabrication’, a PDES is able to manage simulation models for process steps. Usually the simulation results are seen as standalone data, to rectify this situation PDESs' are also able to manage the resulting files in combination with the process flow. This enables the engineer to easily compare the expected results with the simulated outcome. The knowledge gained from the comparison can again be used to improve the simulation model.

After virtual verification the device is produced in an experimental fabrication environment. A PDES allows a transfer of the process flow to the fabrication environment (for example in semiconductor: [[Fab (semiconductors)|FAB]]). This can be done by simply printing out a runcard for the operator or by interfacing to the [[Manufacturing Execution Systems|MES]] (MES) of the facility. On the other hand a PDES is able to manage and document last minute changes to the flow like parameter adjustments during the fabrication.

During and after processing a lot of measurements are taken. The results of these measurements are often produced in the form of files such as images or simple text files containing rows and columns of data. The PDES is able to manage these files, to link related results together, and to manage different versions of certain files, for example reports. Paired with flexible text, and graphical retrieval and search methods, a PDES provides the mechanism to view and assess the accumulated data, information and knowledge from different perspectives. It provides insight into both the information aspects as well as the time aspects of previous developments.

Increasingly development activities within industry are a collaborative effort. This leads to the need to exchange the information between the partners or to transfer process [[Intellectualintellectual property|IP]] from a vendor to a customer. PDESs' support this transfer while being selective to protect the IPR of the company.

== References ==

*D. Ortloff, J. Popp, T. Schmidt, and R. Brück. Process Development Support Environment: A tool SUITE TO ENGINEER MANUFACTURING SEQUENCES In International Journal of Nanomanufacturing, “Recent Developments and Innovations in NEMS/MEMS devices”, 2007