Manually coded language: Difference between revisions

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'''Manually Coded Languages''' (MCL) are representations of spoken languages in a gestural-visual form; that is, "sign language" versions of spoken langauges. They are not the natural languages of [[Deaf community|Deaf communities]], although they often take signs ("[[lexicon]]") from the deaf [[sign language]] and, with additionalspecially created signs and(often using "initialisations"), build them into a representation of the spoken langauge.

TheirManually useCoded canLangauges beproliferated tracedin tothe latter half of the [[Abbé20th de l'Épéecentury]], inbut precedents can be traced to the [[18thmanual centuryalphabet]]s France,used butin theythe proliferatedmiddle mostages in Europe, and the latter[[Abbé halfde ofl'Épée]] thein [[20th18th century]] France. They are often used in schools, as well asand by interpreters.

The use of MCLs is controversial, and is opposed by those who believe Deaf people should speak, lipread and use [[hearing aids]] rather than sign, as well as those who support the natural sign languages of the Deaf community over these cumbersome systems invented by [[Hearing (person)|hearing people]].

==Languages with manually coded forms==

==List of MCLs==

*Arabic: [[Arabic Sign LangaugeLanguage]]

*English (see [[Manually Coded English]])

**[[Signed English]]; several different systems use this name:

***Australasian Signed FinnishEnglish

***British Signed English and Sign Supported Speech (SSE)

*Signed German

***American Signed English, Seeing Essential English (SEE1), [[Signing Exact English]] (SEE2), Linguistics of Visual English (LOVE) and Conceptually Accurate Signed English (CASE)

*Signed Russian

**Paget Gorman Signed Speech (PGSS) or Paget Gorman Systematic Sign Language

*Signed Spanish

**[[Cued Speech]]

*Tecknad svenska ("Signed Swedish"), developed in the 1970s but now largely out of use.

**The "Rochester Method" - fingerspelling everything.

*[[Signuno]] (Signed Esperanto)

* Esperanto: [[Signuno]]

* Finnish

* French

* German: (Lautsprachbegleitende(r) Gebärden, Lautbegleitende Gebärden or LBG). Another system of manually representing German is known as "Phonembestimmes Manualsystem" (Phonemic Manual System).

* Indonesian: Sistem Isyarat Bahasa Indonesia (SIBI)

*Signed Russian

*Signed Spanish

*Tecknad svenskaSwedish: ("SignedTecknad Swedish")svenska, developed in the 1970s but now largely out of use.

==See also==

*[[Contact sign]] -— A [[mixed language]] arising from contact between a spoken or manually coded language and a deaf sign language.

*[[Manual alphabet]] — a means of representing the written alphabet of a spoken language, but often a central part of natural sign languages.

[[category:Sign languages]]