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'''Anaesthesia'''Anesthesia ([[BritishAmerican English|BEAE]]) or ('''Anesthesiaanaesthesia''' ([[AmericanBritish English|AEBE]]) is the preventionprocess of [[consciousness]]blocking the experience of pain. This orallows patients to undergo [[sensationsurgery]], usuallywithout bythe meansdistress ofand chemicalspain knownthey aswould anaestheticsotherwise (orexperience. ''anesthetics''There inare thetwo U.S.).forms of [[anesthesia]]:
* [[ Generalgeneral anaesthesiaanesthesia]] (- with reversible loss of [[consciousness )]]▼* [[local anesthesia]] - with reversible loss of [[sensation]] in part of the body
[[Medicine|Medical]] doctors specialising in the administration of [[anesthetic]]s are known as [[anesthesiologist]]s in American English and as [[anaesthetist]]s in British English.
The first anaesthesia was administered by folk [[herbalism]] in [[prehistory]]. Opium and hemp were two of the most important herbs used. These could be administered by ingestion or the substance could be burned and the smoke inhaled.
=== History ===
In [[China]] [[Taoist]] medical practitioners developed anaesthesia by means of [[acupuncture]].
The first [[herbalism|herbal]] anaesthesia was administered in [[prehistory]]. [[Opium]] and [[hemp]] were two of the most important herbs used. They were ingested or burned and the smoke inhaled. In [[China]], [[Taoist]] medical practitioners developed anaesthesia by means of [[acupuncture]].
The modern era of anaesthesia began when the anaesthetic qualities of [[nitrous oxide]] were discovered by the British chemist [[Sir Humphry Davy]] about [[1800]]. and thisThis [[gas]] was used in [[1844]] for painless tooth extraction by American [[dentist]] [[Horace Wells]]. On [[March 30]], [[1842]] in [[Jefferson, Georgia]], Dr. [[Crawford Williamson Long]] was the first to use anaesthesia during an operation; [[ether]] was given to his wife during childbirth. Five years later, in [[1847]], [[Sir James Simpson]] discovered the anaesthetic use of [[chloroform]].
On [[March 30]], [[1842]] in [[Jefferson, Georgia]], Dr. [[Crawford Williamson Long]] was the first to use anaesthesia during an operation; [[ether]] was given to his wife during childbirth.
In [[1847]] [[Sir James Simpson]] discovered the anaesthetic use of [[chloroform]].
Anaesthesia can be divided into
▲* [[General anaesthesia]] (with loss of consciousness)
* [[Local anaesthesia]] (without loss of consciousness)
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