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[[File:RBMK Reaktor ChNPP-4.PNG|right|thumb|300px|RBMK reactor control rod positions at the moment of the [[Chernobyl disaster]]; blue=startup neutron sources (12), yellow=shortened control rods from the reactor bottom (32), grey=pressure tubes (1661), green=control rods (167), red=automatic control rods (12)]]
'''Startup neutron source''' is a [[neutron source]] used for stable and reliable initiation of [[nuclear chain reaction]] in [[nuclear reactor]]s, when they are loaded with fresh [[nuclear fuel]], whose [[neutron flux]] from [[spontaneous fission]] is insufficient for a reliable startup, or after prolonged shutdown periods. Neutron sources ensure a constant minimal population of neutrons in the reactor core, sufficient for a smooth startup.
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