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'''Electrical network frequency analysis''' is a [[forensic science]] technique for validating [[audio recording]]s by comparing frequency changes in background [[mains hum]] in the recording with long-term high-precision historical records of [[mains frequency]] changes from a database
In effec the mains hum signal is treated as if it was a time-dependent [[digital watermark]] that can be used to identify the time at which the recording was created, and to help detect any edits in the sound recording.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.forensic.to/ENF%20processed.pdf|title=Using the ENF criterion for determining the time of recording of short digital audio recordings|author=Maarten Huijbregtse, Zeno Geradts|publisher=Netherlands Forensic Institute, Departement Digital Evidence and Biometrics|accessdate=2010-06-06}}</ref><ref> Cooper, A.J: The electric network frequency (ENF) as an aid to authenticating forensic digital audio recordings – an automated approach, Conference paper, AES 33rd International Conference, USA (2008)</ref>
== References ==
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