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=[[:en:Intussusception (blood vessel growth)]]=
=Intussuscezione=
'''Intussusception''' is the process whereby a new [[blood vessel]] is created by the splitting of an existing blood vessel in two. It is one of the three ways that blood vessels are known to be formed in the human body, the other two being [[angiogenesis]] and [[vasculogenesis]].
Intussusception, also known as '''splitting angiogenesis''', was first observed in neonatal rats. In this type of vessel formation, the [[capillary]] wall extends into the [[lumen]] to split a single vessel in two. There are four phases of intussusceptive angiogenesis. First, the two opposing capillary walls establish a zone of contact. Second, the [[endothelial cell]] junctions are reorganized and the vessel bilayer is perforated to allow growth factors and cells to penetrate into the lumen. Third, a core is formed between the two new vessels at the zone of contact that is filled with [[pericyte]]s and [[myofibroblasts]]. These cells begin laying [[collagen]] fibers into the core to provide an [[extracellular matrix]] for growth of the vessel lumen. Finally, the core is fleshed out with no alterations to the basic structure. Intussusception is important because it is a reorganization of existing cells. It allows a vast increase in the number of [[capillaries]] without a corresponding increase in the number of [[endothelial cell]]s. This is especially important in embryonic development as there are not enough resources to create a rich microvasculature with new cells every time a new vessel develops.
== References ==
*''Vascular remodeling by intussusceptive angiogenesis'', Djonov V, Baum O, Burri PH., [[Cell and Tissue Research]], 2003 Oct;314(1):107-17
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