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This is why the land surface is observed to warm more than the oceans. It also explains the very large difference in response between
* "equilibrium" climate prediction [[Execution (computers)|runs]] in which only a shallow ocean is used and it is assumed that the climate has come to equilibrium and
* "[[Transient state|transient]]" climate prediction runs in which a full ocean is used and the climate is out of balance.
The "commitment" can apply to variables other than temperature: because of the long mixing time for heat into the deep ocean, a given surface warming commits to centuries of [[sea level rise]] from thermal expansion of the ocean. Also once a certain threshold is crossed, it is likely that a slow melting of the Greenland ice sheet will commit us to a sea level rise of 5m over millennia.
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