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== History ==
Exploration of the approach employed in the applied element method began in 1995 at the [[University of Tokyo]] as part of Dr.Hatem Tagel-Din's research studies. The term itself "Applied Element Method," however was first coined in 2000 in a paper called "Applied element method for structural analysis: Theory and application for linear Materials."<ref name=AEMTheory>{{cite journal | last = | first = | authorlink = | coauthors = Meguro, K. and Tagel-Din, H. | title = Applied element method for structural analysis: Theory and application for linear materials | journal = Structural engineering/earthquake engineering. | volume = 17 | issue = 1 | pages = 21–35 | publisher = Japan Society of Civil Engineers(JSCE) | ___location = Japan | dateyear = 2000 | url = http://sciencelinks.jp/j-east/article/200014/000020001400A0511912.php | issn = | doi = | id = F0028A | accessdate = 2009-08-10}}</ref>. Since then AEM has been the subject of research by a number of [[academic institution]]s and the driving factor in real-world applications. Research has verified its accuracy for: elastic analysis<ref name="AEMTheory"/>; crack initiation and propagation; estimation of [[Structural failure|failure loads]] at reinforced concrete structures<ref>{{cite journal | last = | first = | authorlink = | coauthors = Tagel-Din, H. and Meguro, K | title = Applied Element Method for Simulation of Nonlinear Materials: Theory and Application for RC Structures | journal = Structural engineering/earthquake engineering | volume = 17 | issue = 2 | pages = 137–148 | publisher = Japan Society of Civil Engineers(JSCE) | ___location = Japan | dateyear = 2000 | url = http://www.jsce.or.jp/publication/e/book/book_seee.html#vol17 | issn = | doi = | id = | accessdate = 2009-08-10}}</ref>; [[reinforced concrete]] structures under cyclic loading<ref>{{cite journal | last = | first = | authorlink = | coauthors = Tagel-Din, H. and Meguro, K | title = Applied Element Simulation of RC Structures under Cyclic Loading | journal = Journal of Structural Engineering | volume = 127 | issue = 11 | pages = 137–148 | publisher = ASCE | ___location = Japan | date = November 2001 | url = http://cedb.asce.org/cgi/WWWdisplay.cgi?0106179 | issn = 0733-9445 | doi = 10.1061 | id = | accessdate = 2009-08-10}}</ref>; [[buckling]] and post-buckling behavior<ref>{{cite journal | last = | first = | authorlink = | coauthors = Tagel-Din, H. and Meguro, K | title = AEM Used for Large Displacement Structure Analysis | journal = Journal of Natural Disaster Science | volume = 24 | issue = 1 | pages = 25–34 | publisher = | ___location = Japan | dateyear = 2002 | url = http://www.drs.dpri.kyoto-u.ac.jp/jsnds/download.cgi?jsdn_24_1-3.pdf | issn = | doi = | id = | accessdate = 2009-08-10}}</ref>; nonlinear dynamic analysis of structures subjected to severe earthquakes<ref>{{cite conference | last = | first = | authorlink = | coauthors = Hatem Tagel-Din and Kimiro Meguro, K | title = Analysis of a Small Scale RC Building Subjected to Shaking Table Tests using Applied Element Method | publisher = Proceedings of the 12th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering | pages = 25–34 | ___location = New Zealand | date = January 30th –February 4th, 2000 | url = | issn = | doi = | id = | accessdate = }}</ref>; fault-rupture propagation<ref>{{cite conference | last = | first = | authorlink = | coauthors = Tagel-Din HATEM and Kimiro MEGURO, K | title = Dynamic Modeling of Dip-Slip Faults for Studying Ground Surface Deformation Using Applied Element Method | publisher = Proceedings of the 13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering | pages = | ___location = Vancouver, Canada | date = August 1st-6th, 2004 | url = | issn = | doi = | id = | accessdate = }}</ref>; nonlinear behavior of brick structures<ref>{{cite journal | last = | first = | authorlink = | coauthors = Paola Mayorka and Kimiro Meguro, K | title = Modeling Masonry Structures using the Applied Element Method | journal = Seisan Kenkyu | volume = 55 | issue = 6 | publisher = Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo | pages = 123–126 | ___location = Japan | date = October 2003 | url = http://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/seisankenkyu/55/6/581/_pdf | issn = 1881-2058 | doi = | id = | accessdate = 2009-08-10}}</ref>; and the analysis of [[Glass-reinforced plastic|glass reinforced polymers]] (GFRP) walls under blast loads <ref>{{Cite book | last = | first = | authorlink = | coauthors = Paola Mayorka and Kimiro Meguro, K | title = Blast Testing and Research Bridge at the Tenza Viaduct | publisher = University of Missouri-Rolla, TSWG Contract Number N4175-05-R-4828, Final Report of Task 1| ___location = Japan | dateyear = 2005 | url = | issn = | doi = | id = | accessdate = 2009-08-10}}</ref>.
== Technical discussion ==
There are three types of springs used in AEM:
*'''Matrix Springs''': Matrix springs connect two elements together representing the main [[material properties]] of the object.
*'''Reinforcing Bar Springs''': Reinforcement springs are used to implicitly represent additional reinforcement bars running through the object without adding additional elements to the analysis.
*'''Contact Springs''': Contact Springs are generated when two elements collide with each other or the ground. When this occurs three springs are generated (Shear Y, Shear X and Normal).
*[http://www.extremeloading.com/ExtremeLoadingTechnology.aspx Extreme Loading for Structures - Applied Element Method]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Applied Element Method}}
[[Category:Structural analysis]]
[[Category:Structural engineering]]
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