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'''TXL''' is a special-purpose [[programming language]] originally designed by [[Charles Halpern-Hamu]] and [[James Cordy]] at the [[University of Toronto]] in 1985. The acronym "TXL" originally stood for "Turing eXtender Language" after the language's original purpose, the specification and [[rapid prototyping]] of variants and extensions of the [[Turing (programming language)|Turing]] programming language, but no longer has any meaningful interpretation.
Modern TXL is specifically designed for creating, manipulating and rapidly prototyping language-based descriptions, tools and applications using source transformation. It is a hybrid [[Functional programming|functional]] / [[rule-based programming|rule-based]] language using first order functional programming at the higher level and term rewriting at the lower level. The [[Semantics of programming languages|formal semantics]] and implementation of TXL are based on formal [[term rewriting]], but the term structures are largely hidden from the user due to the example-like style of pattern specification.
Each TXL program has two components: a description of the source structures to be transformed, specified as a (possibly ambiguous) [[context-free grammar]] using an [[extended Backus–Naur Form]]; and a set of tree transformation rules, specified using pattern / replacement pairs combined using first order functional programming. TXL is designed to allow explicit programmer control over the interpretation, application, order and backtracking of both parsing and rewriting rules, allowing for expression of a wide range of grammar-based techniques such as agile parsing.
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