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'''Decay-Missing-Filled index''' (DMF) is one of the most common methods in [[oral]] [[epidemiology]] for assessing [[dental caries]] [[prevalence]] as well as [[dental]] treatment needs among populations. This index is based on in-field clinical examination of individuals by using a probe, mirror and cotton rolls, and simply counts the number of decayed, missing (due to caries only) and restored [[tooth|teeth]]. Statistics are available per populations according age (e.g., "DMF of 12-year old children"). Because the DMF index is done without [[X-ray]] imaging, it underestimates real caries prevalence and treatment needs.<ref name="HC">{{cite journal |author=Zadik Yehuda, Bechor Ron |title=Hidden Occlusal Caries - Challenge for the Dentist |journal=New York State Dental Journal |volume=74 |issue=4 |pages=46–50 |year=2008 |month=June/July |url=http://www.nysdental.org/img/current-pdf/JrnlJuneJuly2008.pdf |format=PDF|accessdate=2008-08-08 |pmid=18788181}}</ref>
==See also==
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